Avoid use of deprecated `exec_program`

Avoid CMake deprecation warning by bumping version
Avoid including headers from host when cross compiling
2023-12-19 20:28:41 +01:00 · 2023-07-23 21:20:51 +02:00 · 2023-06-06 16:31:06 +02:00 · 2023-05-28 20:59:08 +02:00 · 2023-02-28 21:19:40 +01:00 · 2023-02-03 13:34:19 +01:00
36 changed files with 896 additions and 276 deletions
--- a/.github/stale.yml
+++ b/.github/stale.yml
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Number of days of inactivity before an issue becomes stale
+daysUntilStale: 60
+# Number of days of inactivity before a stale issue is closed
+daysUntilClose: 7
+# Issues with these labels will never be considered stale
+exemptLabels:
+  - pinned
+  - security
+  - feature request
+  - enhancement
+# Label to use when marking an issue as stale
+staleLabel: stale
+# Comment to post when marking an issue as stale. Set to `false` to disable
+markComment: >
+  This issue has been automatically marked as stale because it has not had
+  recent activity. It will be closed if no further activity occurs. Thank you
+  for your contributions.
+# Comment to post when closing a stale issue. Set to `false` to disable
+closeComment: false
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.1.0 FATAL_ERROR)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.17.0 FATAL_ERROR)

 # set metadata
 project(reflective_rapidjson)
@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ set(META_APP_CATEGORIES "Utility;")
 set(META_GUI_OPTIONAL false)
 set(META_VERSION_MAJOR 0)
 set(META_VERSION_MINOR 0)
-set(META_VERSION_PATCH 15)
+set(META_VERSION_PATCH 16)
 set(META_APP_VERSION ${META_VERSION_MAJOR}.${META_VERSION_MINOR}.${META_VERSION_PATCH})
 set(META_CXX_STANDARD 17)
 set(META_ADD_DEFAULT_CPP_UNIT_TEST_APPLICATION ON)
@ -46,10 +46,12 @@ endif()

 # find c++utilities
 set(CONFIGURATION_PACKAGE_SUFFIX "" CACHE STRING "sets the suffix for find_package() calls to packages configured via c++utilities")
-find_package(c++utilities${CONFIGURATION_PACKAGE_SUFFIX} 5.0.0 REQUIRED)
+find_package(c++utilities${CONFIGURATION_PACKAGE_SUFFIX} 5.10.0 REQUIRED)

 # find RapidJSON
-find_package(RapidJSON)
+if(NOT RapidJSON_FOUND)
+    find_package(RapidJSON)
+endif()
 if(NOT RapidJSON_FOUND)
    message(FATAL_ERROR "Unable to find RapidJSON. Since this is the only supported reflection application at this time, it makes no sense to continue.")
 endif()
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -62,18 +62,19 @@ The following table shows the mapping of supported C++ types to supported JSON t
 | iteratable lists (`std::vector`, `std::list`, ...)                           | array        |
 | sets (`std::set`, `std::unordered_set`, `std::multiset`, ...)                | array        |
 | `std::pair`, `std::tuple`                                                    | array        |
-| `std::unique_ptr`, `std::shared_ptr`                                         | depends/null |
+| `std::unique_ptr`, `std::shared_ptr`, `std::optional`                        | depends/null |
 | `std::map`, `std::unordered_map`, `std::multimap`, `std::unordered_multimap` | object       |
 | `std::variant`                                                               | object       |
 | `JsonSerializable`                                                           | object       |

 ### Remarks
-* Raw pointer are not supported. This prevents
+* Raw pointers are not supported. This prevents
  forgetting to free memory which would have to be allocated when deserializing.
 * For the same reason `const char *` and `std::string_view` are only supported for serialization.
 * Enums are (de)serialized as their underlying integer value. When deserializing, it is currently *not* checked
  whether the present integer value is a valid enumeration item.
-* The JSON type for smart pointer depends on the type the pointer refers to. It can also be `null`.
+* The JSON type for smart pointers and `std::optional` depends on the type the pointer/optional refers to.
+  It can also be `null` for null pointers or `std::optional` without value.
 * If multiple `std::shared_ptr` instances point to the same object this object is serialized multiple times.
  When deserializing those identical objects, it is currently not possible to share the memory (again). So each
  `std::shared_ptr` will point to its own copy. Note that this limitation is *not* present when using binary
@ -353,6 +354,54 @@ An example for such custom (de)serialization can be found in the file
 `json/reflector-chronoutilities.h`. It provides (de)serialization of `DateTime` and
 `TimeSpan` objects from the C++ utilities library mentioned under dependencies.

+### Versioning
+#### JSON (de)serializer
+The JSON (de)serializer doesn't support versioning at this point. It'll simply read/write the
+members present in the struct. Additional members (which were e.g. present in older/newer
+versions of the struct) are ignored when reading and in consequence dropped when writing.
+
+#### Binary (de)serializer
+The binary (de)serializer supports *very* experimental versioning. Otherwise adding/removing
+members is a breaking change. The versioning looks like this:
+
+<pre>
+// enable definition of the macros shown below (otherwise use long macros defined in
+// `lib/versioning.h`)
+#define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_SHORT_MACROS
+
+#include &lt;reflective_rapidjson/binary/serializable.h&gt;
+
+// example struct where version is *not* serialized/deserialized; defaults to version from
+// outer scope when reading/writing, defaults to version 0 on top-level
+struct Nested : public BinarySerializable&lt;Nested&gt; { //
+    std::uint32_t foo; // will be read/written in any case
+
+as_of_version(3):
+    std::uint32_t bar; // will be read/written if outer scope version is &gt;= 3
+};
+
+// example struct where version is serialized/deserialized; defaults to version 3 when writing
+struct Example : public BinarySerializable&lt;Example, 3&gt; {
+    Nested nested;      // will be read/written in any case, version is "propagated down"
+    std::uint32_t a, b; // will be read/written in any case
+
+until_version(2):
+    std::uint32_t c, d; // will be read/written if version is &lt;= 2
+
+as_of_version(3):
+    std::uint32_t e, f; // will be read/written if version is &gt;= 3
+
+as_of_version(4):
+    std::uint32_t g;    // will be read/written if version is &gt;= 4
+};
+</pre>
+
+The version specified as template argument is also assumed to be the highest supported version.
+If a higher version is encountered during deserialization, `BinaryVersionNotSupported` is thrown
+and the deserialization aborted.
+
+Note that the versioning is mostly untested at this point.
+
 ### Remarks
 * Static member variables and member functions are currently ignored by the generator.
 * It is currently not possible to ignore a specific member variable.
@ -382,7 +431,7 @@ The following dependencies are required at build time. Note that Reflective Rapi
 and *none* of these dependencies are required at runtime by an application which makes use of
 Reflective RapidJSON.

-* C++ compiler and C++ standard library supporting at least C++14
+* C++ compiler and C++ standard library supporting at least C++17
 * the [CMake](https://cmake.org) build system
 * LibTooling from [Clang](https://clang.llvm.org) for the code generator (optional when using
  Boost.Hana)
@ -401,17 +450,8 @@ Reflective RapidJSON.
  different build system, there is no helper for adding the code generator to the build process
  provided (so far).
 * I usually develop using the latest version of those dependencies. So it is recommend to get the
-  the latest versions as well. I tested the following versions so far:
-    * GCC 7.2.1/7.3.0/8.1.0/9.1.0 or Clang 5.0/6.0/7.0/8.0 as compiler
-    * libstdc++ from GCC 7.2.1/7.3.0/8.1.0/9.1.0
-    * CMake 3.10.x to 3.15.x
-    * Clang 5.x/6.x/7.x/8.x/9.x for LibTooling
-    * RapidJSON 1.1.0
-    * C++ utilities 5.0.0
-    * Boost.Hana 1.65.1, 1.66.0, 1.67.0, 1.68.0, 1.69.0
-    * CppUnit 1.14.0
-    * Doxygen 1.8.13 to 1.8.16
-    * Graphviz 2.40.1
+  the latest versions as well although very likely older versions might work as well. When adapting
+  to new versions of LLVM/Clang I usually take care that it also still works with previous versions.
 * The binary (de)serializer requires C++ utilities at runtime. So when using it, it is required to
  link against C++ utilities.

@ -471,7 +511,7 @@ make
 make check
 # build tests but do not run them (optional, requires CppUnit)
 make tests
-# generate API documentation (optional, reqquires Doxygen)
+# generate API documentation (optional, requires Doxygen)
 make apidoc
 # install header files, libraries and generator
 make install DESTDIR="/temporary/install/location"
@ -482,12 +522,20 @@ Add eg. `-j$(nproc)` to `make` arguments for using all cores.
 * Arch Linux
    * for PKGBUILDs checkout [my GitHub repository](https://github.com/Martchus/PKGBUILDs) or
      [the AUR](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages?SeB=m&K=Martchus)
-    * for a binary repository checkout [my website](http://martchus.no-ip.biz/website/page.php?name=programming)
+    * there is also a [binary repository](https://martchus.no-ip.biz/repo/arch/ownstuff)
 * Tumbleweed
-    * for RPM \*.spec files and binary repository checkout
-      [openSUSE Build Servide](https://build.opensuse.org/project/show/home:mkittler)
+    * RPM \*.spec files and binaries are available via openSUSE Build Service
+        * latest releases: [download page](https://software.opensuse.org/download.html?project=home:mkittler&package=reflective-rapidjson-devel),
+          [project page](https://build.opensuse.org/project/show/home:mkittler)
+        * Git master: [download page](https://software.opensuse.org/download.html?project=home:mkittler:vcs&package=reflective-rapidjson-devel),
+          [project page](https://build.opensuse.org/project/show/home:mkittler:vcs)
 * Windows
    * for mingw-w64 PKGBUILDs checkout [my GitHub repository](https://github.com/Martchus/PKGBUILDs)

 These packages shows the required dependencies and commands to build in a plain way. So they might be useful for
 making Reflective RapidJSON available under other platforms, too.
+
+## Copyright notice and license
+Copyright © 2017-2023 Marius Kittler
+
+All code is licensed under [GPL-2-or-later](LICENSE).
--- a/TODOs.md
+++ b/TODOs.md
@ -7,14 +7,14 @@
 - [x] Add documentation (install instructions, usage)
 - [x] Allow making 3rdparty classes/structs reflectable
    - [x] Add additional parameter for code generator to allow specifying relevant classes
-          explicitely
+          explicitly
    - [x] Fix traits currently relying on `JsonSerializable` being base class
 - [x] Allow exporting symbols
 - [x] Fix the massive number of warnings which are currently being created by the code generator (missing `-resource-dir` was the problem)
 - [ ] Test with libc++ (currently only tested with libstdc++)
 - [ ] Support templated classes
 - [ ] Allow (de)serialization of static members (if that makes sense?)
- [ ] Allow ignoring particular members or selecting specificly which member variables should be considered
+- [ ] Allow ignoring particular members or selecting specifically which member variables should be considered
    * This could work similar to Qt's Signals & Slots macros.
    * but there should also be a way to do this for 3rdparty types.
    * Note that currently, *all* public member variables are (de)serialized.
@ -29,5 +29,5 @@
 - [x] Support `std::unique_ptr` and `std::shared_ptr`
 - [x] Support `std::map` and `std::unordered_map`
 - [ ] Support `std::any`
- [ ] Support `std::optional`
+- [x] Support `std::optional`
 - [x] Support/document customized (de)serialization (eg. serialize some `DateTime` object to ISO string representation)
--- a/generator/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/generator/CMakeLists.txt
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.1.0 FATAL_ERROR)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.17.0 FATAL_ERROR)

 # metadata
 set(META_PROJECT_NAME reflective_rapidjson_generator)
@ -60,6 +60,9 @@ endif ()
 # also add reflective_rapidjson which is header-only but might pull additional include dirs for RapidJSON
 list(APPEND PRIVATE_LIBRARIES "${REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_TARGET_NAME}")

+# avoid warning "'this' pointer is null" from GCC 12 about code included from libclang
+list(APPEND META_PRIVATE_COMPILE_OPTIONS "-Wno-error=nonnull")
+
 # include modules to apply configuration
 include(BasicConfig)
 include(WindowsResources)
--- a/generator/binaryserializationcodegenerator.cpp
+++ b/generator/binaryserializationcodegenerator.cpp
@ -5,6 +5,10 @@
 #include <clang/AST/DeclCXX.h>
 #include <clang/AST/DeclFriend.h>
 #include <clang/AST/DeclTemplate.h>
+#include <clang/AST/Expr.h>
+#include <clang/AST/RecursiveASTVisitor.h>
+
+#include <llvm/ADT/APInt.h>

 #include <iostream>

@ -35,36 +39,159 @@ BinarySerializationCodeGenerator::BinarySerializationCodeGenerator(CodeFactory &
 }

 /*!
- * \brief Returns the qualified name of the specified \a record if it is considered relevant.
+ * \brief Checks whether \a possiblyRelevantClass is actually relevant.
 */
-string BinarySerializationCodeGenerator::qualifiedNameIfRelevant(clang::CXXRecordDecl *record) const
+void BinarySerializationCodeGenerator::computeRelevantClass(RelevantClass &possiblyRelevantClass) const
 {
-    const string qualifiedName(record->getQualifiedNameAsString());
-    switch (isQualifiedNameIfRelevant(record, qualifiedName)) {
-    case IsRelevant::Yes:
-        return qualifiedName;
-    case IsRelevant::No:
-        return string();
-    default:;
+    SerializationCodeGenerator::computeRelevantClass(possiblyRelevantClass);
+    if (possiblyRelevantClass.isRelevant != IsRelevant::Maybe) {
+        return;
    }

    // consider all classes specified via "--additional-classes" argument relevant
    if (!m_options.additionalClassesArg.isPresent()) {
-        return string();
+        return;
    }
-    for (const char *className : m_options.additionalClassesArg.values()) {
-        if (className == qualifiedName) {
-            return qualifiedName;
+    for (const char *const className : m_options.additionalClassesArg.values()) {
+        if (className == possiblyRelevantClass.qualifiedName) {
+            possiblyRelevantClass.isRelevant = IsRelevant::Yes;
+            return;
        }
    }
+}

-    return string();
+/// \brief The RetrieveIntegerLiteralFromDeclaratorDecl struct is used to traverse a variable declaration to get the integer value.
+struct RetrieveIntegerLiteralFromDeclaratorDecl : public clang::RecursiveASTVisitor<RetrieveIntegerLiteralFromDeclaratorDecl> {
+    explicit RetrieveIntegerLiteralFromDeclaratorDecl(const clang::ASTContext &ctx);
+    bool VisitStmt(clang::Stmt *st);
+    const clang::ASTContext &ctx;
+    std::uint64_t res;
+    bool success;
+};
+
+/// \brief Constructs a new instance for the specified AST context.
+RetrieveIntegerLiteralFromDeclaratorDecl::RetrieveIntegerLiteralFromDeclaratorDecl(const clang::ASTContext &ctx)
+    : ctx(ctx)
+    , res(0)
+    , success(false)
+{
+}
+
+/// \brief Reads the integer value of \a st for integer literals.
+bool RetrieveIntegerLiteralFromDeclaratorDecl::VisitStmt(clang::Stmt *st)
+{
+    if (st->getStmtClass() != clang::Stmt::IntegerLiteralClass) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    const auto *const integerLiteral = static_cast<const clang::IntegerLiteral *>(st);
+    auto evaluation = clang::Expr::EvalResult();
+    integerLiteral->EvaluateAsInt(evaluation, ctx, clang::Expr::SE_NoSideEffects, true);
+    if (!evaluation.Val.isInt()) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    const auto &asInt = evaluation.Val.getInt();
+    if (asInt.getActiveBits() > 64) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    res = asInt.getZExtValue();
+    success = true;
+    return false;
+}
+
+/// \brief The MemberTracking struct is an internal helper for BinarySerializationCodeGenerator::generate().
+struct MemberTracking {
+    bool membersWritten = false, withinCondition = false;
+    BinaryVersion asOfVersion = BinaryVersion(), lastAsOfVersion = BinaryVersion();
+    BinaryVersion untilVersion = BinaryVersion(), lastUntilVersion = BinaryVersion();
+
+    bool checkForVersionMarker(clang::Decl *decl);
+    void concludeCondition(std::ostream &os);
+    void writeVersionCondition(std::ostream &os);
+    void writeExtraPadding(std::ostream &os);
+};
+
+/*!
+ * \brief Returns whether \a delc is a static member variable and processes special static member variables
+ *        for versioning.
+ */
+bool MemberTracking::checkForVersionMarker(clang::Decl *decl)
+{
+    if (decl->getKind() != clang::Decl::Kind::Var) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    auto *const declarator = static_cast<clang::DeclaratorDecl *>(decl);
+    const auto declarationName = declarator->getName();
+    const auto isAsOfVersion = declarationName.startswith("rrjAsOfVersion");
+    if (isAsOfVersion || declarationName.startswith("rrjUntilVersion")) {
+        auto v = RetrieveIntegerLiteralFromDeclaratorDecl(declarator->getASTContext());
+        v.TraverseDecl(declarator);
+        if (v.success) {
+            if (isAsOfVersion) {
+                asOfVersion = v.res;
+                if (asOfVersion > untilVersion) {
+                    untilVersion = 0;
+                }
+            } else {
+                untilVersion = v.res;
+                if (untilVersion < asOfVersion) {
+                    asOfVersion = 0;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+/*!
+ * \brief Concludes an unfinished version condition if-block.
+ */
+void MemberTracking::concludeCondition(std::ostream &os)
+{
+    if (withinCondition) {
+        os << "    }\n";
+    }
+}
+
+/*!
+ * \brief Starts a new version condition if-block if versioning parameters have changed.
+ */
+void MemberTracking::writeVersionCondition(std::ostream &os)
+{
+    if (asOfVersion == lastAsOfVersion && untilVersion == lastUntilVersion) {
+        return;
+    }
+    concludeCondition(os);
+    lastAsOfVersion = asOfVersion;
+    lastUntilVersion = untilVersion;
+    if ((withinCondition = asOfVersion || untilVersion)) {
+        os << "    if (";
+        if (asOfVersion) {
+            os << "version >= " << asOfVersion;
+            if (untilVersion) {
+                os << " && ";
+            }
+        }
+        if (untilVersion) {
+            os << "version <= " << untilVersion;
+        }
+        os << ") {\n";
+    }
+}
+
+/*!
+ * \brief Writes extra padding (if within a version condition).
+ */
+void MemberTracking::writeExtraPadding(std::ostream &os)
+{
+    if (withinCondition) {
+        os << "    ";
+    }
 }

 /*!
 * \brief Generates pull() and push() helper functions in the ReflectiveRapidJSON::BinaryReflector namespace for the relevant classes.
 */
-void BinarySerializationCodeGenerator::generate(ostream &os) const
+void BinarySerializationCodeGenerator::generate(std::ostream &os) const
 {
    // initialize source manager to make use of isOnlyIncluded() for skipping records which are only included
    lazyInitializeSourceManager();
@ -118,17 +245,55 @@ void BinarySerializationCodeGenerator::generate(ostream &os) const

        // print writeCustomType method
        os << "template <> " << visibility << " void writeCustomType<::" << relevantClass.qualifiedName
-           << ">(BinarySerializer &serializer, const ::" << relevantClass.qualifiedName
-           << " &customObject)\n{\n"
-              "    // write base classes\n";
+           << ">(BinarySerializer &serializer, const ::" << relevantClass.qualifiedName << " &customObject, BinaryVersion version)\n{\n";
+        os << "    // write base classes\n";
        for (const RelevantClass *baseClass : relevantBases) {
-            os << "    serializer.write(static_cast<const ::" << baseClass->qualifiedName << " &>(customObject));\n";
+            os << "    serializer.write(static_cast<const ::" << baseClass->qualifiedName << " &>(customObject), version);\n";
+        }
+        if (!relevantClass.relevantBase.empty()) {
+            os << "    // write version\n"
+                  "    using V = Versioning<"
+               << relevantClass.relevantBase
+               << ">;\n"
+                  "    if constexpr (V::enabled) {\n"
+                  "        serializer.writeVariableLengthUIntBE(V::applyDefault(version));\n"
+                  "    }\n";
        }
        os << "    // write members\n";
-        for (const clang::FieldDecl *field : relevantClass.record->fields()) {
-            if (writePrivateMembers || field->getAccess() == clang::AS_public) {
-                os << "    serializer.write(customObject." << field->getName() << ");\n";
+        auto mt = MemberTracking();
+        for (clang::Decl *const decl : relevantClass.record->decls()) {
+            // check static member variables for version markers
+            if (mt.checkForVersionMarker(decl)) {
+                continue;
            }
+
+            // skip all further declarations but fields
+            if (decl->getKind() != clang::Decl::Kind::Field) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // skip const members
+            const auto *const field = static_cast<const clang::FieldDecl *>(decl);
+            if (field->getType().isConstant(field->getASTContext())) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // skip private members conditionally
+            if (!writePrivateMembers && field->getAccess() != clang::AS_public) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // write version markers
+            mt.writeVersionCondition(os);
+            mt.writeExtraPadding(os);
+
+            // write actual code for serialization
+            os << "    serializer.write(customObject." << field->getName() << ", version);\n";
+            mt.membersWritten = true;
+        }
+        mt.concludeCondition(os);
+        if (relevantBases.empty() && !mt.membersWritten) {
+            os << "    (void)serializer;\n    (void)customObject;\n    \n(void)version;";
        }
        os << "}\n";

@ -138,23 +303,56 @@ void BinarySerializationCodeGenerator::generate(ostream &os) const
        }

        // print readCustomType method
-        os << "template <> " << visibility << " void readCustomType<::" << relevantClass.qualifiedName
-           << ">(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, ::" << relevantClass.qualifiedName
-           << " &customObject)\n{\n"
-              "    // read base classes\n";
+        mt = MemberTracking();
+        os << "template <> " << visibility << " BinaryVersion readCustomType<::" << relevantClass.qualifiedName
+           << ">(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, ::" << relevantClass.qualifiedName << " &customObject, BinaryVersion version)\n{\n";
+        os << "    // read base classes\n";
        for (const RelevantClass *baseClass : relevantBases) {
-            os << "    deserializer.read(static_cast<::" << baseClass->qualifiedName << " &>(customObject));\n";
+            os << "    deserializer.read(static_cast<::" << baseClass->qualifiedName << " &>(customObject), version);\n";
+        }
+        if (!relevantClass.relevantBase.empty()) {
+            os << "    // read version\n"
+                  "    using V = Versioning<"
+               << relevantClass.relevantBase
+               << ">;\n"
+                  "    if constexpr (V::enabled) {\n"
+                  "        V::assertVersion(version = deserializer.readVariableLengthUIntBE(), \""
+               << relevantClass.qualifiedName
+               << "\");\n"
+                  "    }\n";
        }
        os << "    // read members\n";
-        for (const clang::FieldDecl *field : relevantClass.record->fields()) {
+        for (clang::Decl *const decl : relevantClass.record->decls()) {
+            // check static member variables for version markers
+            if (mt.checkForVersionMarker(decl)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // skip all further declarations but fields
+            if (decl->getKind() != clang::Decl::Kind::Field) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
            // skip const members
+            const auto *const field = static_cast<const clang::FieldDecl *>(decl);
            if (field->getType().isConstant(field->getASTContext())) {
                continue;
            }
+
+            // write version markers
+            mt.writeVersionCondition(os);
+            mt.writeExtraPadding(os);
+
            if (readPrivateMembers || field->getAccess() == clang::AS_public) {
-                os << "    deserializer.read(customObject." << field->getName() << ");\n";
+                os << "    deserializer.read(customObject." << field->getName() << ", version);\n";
+                mt.membersWritten = true;
            }
        }
+        mt.concludeCondition(os);
+        if (relevantBases.empty() && !mt.membersWritten) {
+            os << "    (void)deserializer;\n    (void)customObject;\n";
+        }
+        os << "    return version;\n";
        os << "}\n\n";
    }

--- a/generator/binaryserializationcodegenerator.h
+++ b/generator/binaryserializationcodegenerator.h
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ public:
    void generate(std::ostream &os) const override;

 protected:
-    std::string qualifiedNameIfRelevant(clang::CXXRecordDecl *record) const override;
+    void computeRelevantClass(RelevantClass &possiblyRelevantClass) const override;

    const Options &m_options;
 };
--- a/generator/codefactory.cpp
+++ b/generator/codefactory.cpp
@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 #include "./clangversionabstraction.h"
 #include "./frontendaction.h"

+#include "resources/config.h"
+
 #include <clang/Basic/FileManager.h>
 #include <clang/Frontend/FrontendActions.h>
 #include <clang/Tooling/Tooling.h>
@ -30,8 +32,8 @@ CodeFactory::ToolInvocation::ToolInvocation(CodeFactory &factory)
 * \brief Constructs a new instance.
 * \remarks The specified arguments are not copied and must remain valid for the live-time of the code factory.
 */
-CodeFactory::CodeFactory(
-    const char *applicationPath, const std::vector<const char *> &sourceFiles, const std::vector<string> &clangOptions, std::ostream &os)
+CodeFactory::CodeFactory(std::string_view applicationPath, const std::vector<const char *> &sourceFiles,
+    const std::vector<std::string_view> &clangOptions, std::ostream &os)
    : m_applicationPath(applicationPath)
    , m_sourceFiles(sourceFiles)
    , m_clangOptions(clangOptions)
@ -50,8 +52,8 @@ CodeFactory::~CodeFactory()
 */
 std::vector<string> CodeFactory::makeClangArgs() const
 {
-    static const initializer_list<const char *> flags
-        = { m_applicationPath, "-x", "c++", "-Wno-pragma-once-outside-header", "-std=c++14", "-fsyntax-only" };
+    static const initializer_list<std::string_view> flags
+        = { m_applicationPath, "-x", "c++", "-Wno-pragma-once-outside-header", "-std=c++14", "-fsyntax-only", "-D" PROJECT_VARNAME_UPPER };
    vector<string> clangArgs;
    clangArgs.reserve(flags.size() + m_clangOptions.size() + m_sourceFiles.size());
    clangArgs.insert(clangArgs.end(), flags.begin(), flags.end());
@ -83,7 +85,7 @@ bool CodeFactory::generate() const
 }

 /*!
- * \brief Reads (relevent) AST elements using Clang and generates code.
+ * \brief Reads (relevant) AST elements using Clang and generates code.
 */
 bool CodeFactory::run()
 {
--- a/generator/codefactory.h
+++ b/generator/codefactory.h
@ -29,13 +29,13 @@ class CodeFactory {
    friend class Visitor;

 public:
-    CodeFactory(
-        const char *applicationPath, const std::vector<const char *> &sourceFiles, const std::vector<std::string> &clangOptions, std::ostream &os);
+    CodeFactory(std::string_view applicationPath, const std::vector<const char *> &sourceFiles, const std::vector<std::string_view> &clangOptions,
+        std::ostream &os);
    ~CodeFactory();

    const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<CodeGenerator>> &generators() const;
-    template <typename GeneratorType, typename... Args> void addGenerator(Args &&... args);
-    template <typename GeneratorType, typename... Args> auto bindGenerator(Args &&... args);
+    template <typename GeneratorType, typename... Args> void addGenerator(Args &&...args);
+    template <typename GeneratorType, typename... Args> auto bindGenerator(Args &&...args);

    bool run();
    clang::CompilerInstance *compilerInstance();
@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ private:
    bool generate() const;
    std::vector<std::string> makeClangArgs() const;

-    const char *const m_applicationPath;
+    std::string_view m_applicationPath;
    const std::vector<const char *> &m_sourceFiles;
-    const std::vector<std::string> &m_clangOptions;
+    const std::vector<std::string_view> &m_clangOptions;
    std::ostream &m_os;
    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<CodeGenerator>> m_generators;
    std::unique_ptr<ToolInvocation> m_toolInvocation;
@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ private:
 * \brief Instantiates a code generator of the specified type and adds it to the current instance.
 * \remarks The specified \a args are forwarded to the generator's constructor.
 */
-template <typename GeneratorType, typename... Args> void CodeFactory::addGenerator(Args &&... args)
+template <typename GeneratorType, typename... Args> void CodeFactory::addGenerator(Args &&...args)
 {
    m_generators.emplace_back(std::make_unique<GeneratorType>(*this, std::forward<Args>(args)...));
 }
@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ template <typename T> T &&wrapReferences(T &&val)
 * - The specified \a args are forwarded to the generator's constructor.
 * - No copy of \a args passed by reference is made.
 */
-template <typename GeneratorType, typename... Args> auto CodeFactory::bindGenerator(Args &&... args)
+template <typename GeneratorType, typename... Args> auto CodeFactory::bindGenerator(Args &&...args)
 {
    return std::bind(&CodeFactory::addGenerator<GeneratorType, Args...>, this, Detail::wrapReferences(std::forward<Args>(args)...));
 }
--- a/generator/codegenerator.cpp
+++ b/generator/codegenerator.cpp
@ -44,17 +44,18 @@ bool CodeGenerator::isOnlyIncluded(const clang::Decl *declaration) const

 /*!
 * \brief Returns whether the specified \a record inherits from an instantiation of the specified \a templateClass.
+ * \returns Returns the relevant base class if that's the case and otherwise nullptr.
 * \remarks The specified \a record must be defined (not only forward-declared).
 */
-bool CodeGenerator::inheritsFromInstantiationOf(clang::CXXRecordDecl *const record, const char *const templateClass)
+clang::CXXBaseSpecifier *CodeGenerator::inheritsFromInstantiationOf(clang::CXXRecordDecl *const record, const char *const templateClass)
 {
-    for (const clang::CXXBaseSpecifier &base : record->bases()) {
-        const clang::CXXRecordDecl *const baseDecl = base.getType()->getAsCXXRecordDecl();
+    for (clang::CXXBaseSpecifier &base : record->bases()) {
+        clang::CXXRecordDecl *const baseDecl = base.getType()->getAsCXXRecordDecl();
        if (baseDecl && baseDecl->getQualifiedNameAsString() == templateClass) {
-            return true;
+            return &base;
        }
    }
-    return false;
+    return nullptr;
 }

 } // namespace ReflectiveRapidJSON
--- a/generator/codegenerator.h
+++ b/generator/codegenerator.h
@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 namespace clang {
 class Decl;
 class CXXRecordDecl;
+class CXXBaseSpecifier;
 class SourceManager;
 } // namespace clang

@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ protected:
    CodeFactory &factory() const;
    void lazyInitializeSourceManager() const;
    bool isOnlyIncluded(const clang::Decl *declaration) const;
-    static bool inheritsFromInstantiationOf(clang::CXXRecordDecl *record, const char *templateClass);
+    static clang::CXXBaseSpecifier *inheritsFromInstantiationOf(clang::CXXRecordDecl *record, const char *templateClass);

 private:
    CodeFactory &m_factory;
--- a/generator/jsonserializationcodegenerator.cpp
+++ b/generator/jsonserializationcodegenerator.cpp
@ -35,30 +35,25 @@ JsonSerializationCodeGenerator::JsonSerializationCodeGenerator(CodeFactory &fact
 }

 /*!
- * \brief Returns the qualified name of the specified \a record if it is considered relevant.
+ * \brief Checks whether \a possiblyRelevantClass is actually relevant.
 */
-string JsonSerializationCodeGenerator::qualifiedNameIfRelevant(clang::CXXRecordDecl *record) const
+void JsonSerializationCodeGenerator::computeRelevantClass(RelevantClass &possiblyRelevantClass) const
 {
-    const string qualifiedName(record->getQualifiedNameAsString());
-    switch (isQualifiedNameIfRelevant(record, qualifiedName)) {
-    case IsRelevant::Yes:
-        return qualifiedName;
-    case IsRelevant::No:
-        return string();
-    default:;
+    SerializationCodeGenerator::computeRelevantClass(possiblyRelevantClass);
+    if (possiblyRelevantClass.isRelevant != IsRelevant::Maybe) {
+        return;
    }

    // consider all classes specified via "--additional-classes" argument relevant
    if (!m_options.additionalClassesArg.isPresent()) {
-        return string();
+        return;
    }
-    for (const char *className : m_options.additionalClassesArg.values()) {
-        if (className == qualifiedName) {
-            return qualifiedName;
+    for (const char *const className : m_options.additionalClassesArg.values()) {
+        if (className == possiblyRelevantClass.qualifiedName) {
+            possiblyRelevantClass.isRelevant = IsRelevant::Yes;
+            return;
        }
    }
-
-    return string();
 }

 /*!
@ -124,11 +119,16 @@ void JsonSerializationCodeGenerator::generate(ostream &os) const
            os << "    push(static_cast<const ::" << baseClass->qualifiedName << " &>(reflectable), value, allocator);\n";
        }
        os << "    // push members\n";
+        auto pushWritten = false;
        for (const clang::FieldDecl *field : relevantClass.record->fields()) {
            if (pushPrivateMembers || field->getAccess() == clang::AS_public) {
                os << "    push(reflectable." << field->getName() << ", \"" << field->getName() << "\", value, allocator);\n";
+                pushWritten = true;
            }
        }
+        if (relevantBases.empty() && !pushWritten) {
+            os << "    (void)reflectable;\n    (void)value;\n    (void)allocator;\n";
+        }
        os << "}\n";

        // skip printing the pull method for classes without default constructor because deserializing those is currently not supported
@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ void JsonSerializationCodeGenerator::generate(ostream &os) const
            os << "    pull(static_cast<::" << baseClass->qualifiedName << " &>(reflectable), value, errors);\n";
        }
        os << "    // set error context for current record\n"
-              "    const char *previousRecord;\n"
+              "    const char *previousRecord = nullptr;\n"
              "    if (errors) {\n"
              "        previousRecord = errors->currentRecord;\n"
              "        errors->currentRecord = \""
@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ void JsonSerializationCodeGenerator::generate(ostream &os) const
           << "\";\n"
              "    }\n"
              "    // pull members\n";
+        auto pullWritten = false;
        for (const clang::FieldDecl *field : relevantClass.record->fields()) {
            // skip const members
            if (field->getType().isConstant(field->getASTContext())) {
@ -161,8 +162,12 @@ void JsonSerializationCodeGenerator::generate(ostream &os) const
            }
            if (pullPrivateMembers || field->getAccess() == clang::AS_public) {
                os << "    pull(reflectable." << field->getName() << ", \"" << field->getName() << "\", value, errors);\n";
+                pullWritten = true;
            }
        }
+        if (relevantBases.empty() && !pullWritten) {
+            os << "    (void)reflectable;\n    (void)value;\n";
+        }
        os << "    // restore error context for previous record\n"
              "    if (errors) {\n"
              "        errors->currentRecord = previousRecord;\n"
--- a/generator/jsonserializationcodegenerator.h
+++ b/generator/jsonserializationcodegenerator.h
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ public:
    void generate(std::ostream &os) const override;

 protected:
-    std::string qualifiedNameIfRelevant(clang::CXXRecordDecl *record) const override;
+    void computeRelevantClass(RelevantClass &possiblyRelevantClass) const override;

    const Options &m_options;
 };
--- a/generator/main.cpp
+++ b/generator/main.cpp
@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    parser.setMainArguments({ &generateArg, &noColorArg, &helpArg });

    // parse arguments
-    parser.parseArgs(argc, argv, ParseArgumentBehavior::CheckConstraints | ParseArgumentBehavior::InvokeCallbacks);
+    parser.parseArgs(argc, argv);
    if (helpArg.isPresent() || !generateArg.isPresent()) {
        return 0;
    }
@ -69,14 +69,16 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
        }

        // compose options passed to the clang tool invocation
-        vector<string> clangOptions;
+        auto clangOptions = std::vector<std::string_view>();
        if (clangOptionsArg.isPresent()) {
            // add additional options specified via CLI argument
            for (const auto *const value : clangOptionsArg.values(0)) {
                // split options by ";" - not nice but this eases using CMake generator expressions
-                const auto splittedValues(splitString<vector<string>>(value, ";", EmptyPartsTreat::Omit));
+                const auto splittedValues = splitStringSimple<std::vector<std::string_view>>(value, ";");
                for (const auto &splittedValue : splittedValues) {
-                    clangOptions.emplace_back(move(splittedValue));
+                    if (!splittedValue.empty()) {
+                        clangOptions.emplace_back(splittedValue);
+                    }
                }
            }
        }
@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
        }

        // instantiate the code factory and add generators to it
-        CodeFactory factory(parser.executable(), inputFileArg.values(0), clangOptions, *os);
+        auto factory = CodeFactory(parser.executable(), inputFileArg.values(0), clangOptions, *os);
        factory.setErrorResilient(errorResilientArg.isPresent());
        // add specified generators if the --generator argument is present; otherwise add default generators
        if (generatorsArg.isPresent()) {
@ -121,14 +123,14 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])

        // read AST elements from input files and run the code generator
        if (!factory.run()) {
-            cerr << Phrases::Error << "Errors occured." << Phrases::EndFlush;
+            cerr << Phrases::Error << "Errors occurred." << Phrases::EndFlush;
            return -2;
        }

    } catch (const std::ios_base::failure &failure) {
        const char *errorMessage = failure.what();
        if (os) {
-            errorMessage = os->fail() || os->bad() ? "An IO error occured when writing to the output stream." : "An IO error occured.";
+            errorMessage = os->fail() || os->bad() ? "An IO error occurred when writing to the output stream." : "An IO error occurred.";
        } else {
            errorMessage = "An IO error when opening output stream.";
        }
--- a/generator/serializationcodegenerator.cpp
+++ b/generator/serializationcodegenerator.cpp
@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 #include <clang/AST/DeclCXX.h>
 #include <clang/AST/DeclFriend.h>
 #include <clang/AST/DeclTemplate.h>
+#include <clang/AST/PrettyPrinter.h>
+#include <clang/AST/QualTypeNames.h>

 #include <iostream>

@ -66,12 +68,12 @@ void SerializationCodeGenerator::addDeclaration(clang::Decl *decl)
    }
 }

-SerializationCodeGenerator::IsRelevant SerializationCodeGenerator::isQualifiedNameIfRelevant(
-    clang::CXXRecordDecl *record, const std::string &qualifiedName) const
+void SerializationCodeGenerator::computeRelevantClass(RelevantClass &possiblyRelevantClass) const
 {
    // skip all classes which are only forward-declared
-    if (!record->isCompleteDefinition()) {
-        return IsRelevant::No;
+    if (!possiblyRelevantClass.record->isCompleteDefinition()) {
+        possiblyRelevantClass.isRelevant = IsRelevant::No;
+        return;
    }

    // consider all classes for which a specialization of the "AdaptedJsonSerializable" struct is available
@ -80,31 +82,40 @@ SerializationCodeGenerator::IsRelevant SerializationCodeGenerator::isQualifiedNa
        if (isOnlyIncluded(adaptionRecord.record)) {
            continue;
        }
-        if (adaptionRecord.qualifiedName == qualifiedName) {
-            return IsRelevant::Yes;
+        if (adaptionRecord.qualifiedName == possiblyRelevantClass.qualifiedName) {
+            possiblyRelevantClass.isRelevant = IsRelevant::Yes;
+            return;
        }
    }

    // skip all classes which are only included
-    if (isOnlyIncluded(record)) {
-        return IsRelevant::No;
+    if (isOnlyIncluded(possiblyRelevantClass.record)) {
+        possiblyRelevantClass.isRelevant = IsRelevant::No;
+        return;
    }

    // consider all classes inheriting from an instantiation of "JsonSerializable" relevant
-    if (inheritsFromInstantiationOf(record, m_qualifiedNameOfRecords)) {
-        return IsRelevant::Yes;
+    if (const auto *const relevantBase = inheritsFromInstantiationOf(possiblyRelevantClass.record, m_qualifiedNameOfRecords)) {
+        auto policy = clang::PrintingPolicy(possiblyRelevantClass.record->getASTContext().getLangOpts());
+        policy.FullyQualifiedName = true;
+        policy.SuppressScope = false;
+        policy.SuppressUnwrittenScope = false;
+        policy.SplitTemplateClosers = false;
+        possiblyRelevantClass.relevantBase
+            = clang::TypeName::getFullyQualifiedName(relevantBase->getType(), possiblyRelevantClass.record->getASTContext(), policy, true);
+        possiblyRelevantClass.isRelevant = IsRelevant::Yes;
+        return;
    }
-
-    return IsRelevant::Maybe;
 }

 std::vector<SerializationCodeGenerator::RelevantClass> SerializationCodeGenerator::findRelevantClasses() const
 {
    std::vector<RelevantClass> relevantClasses;
-    for (clang::CXXRecordDecl *record : m_records) {
-        string qualifiedName(qualifiedNameIfRelevant(record));
-        if (!qualifiedName.empty()) {
-            relevantClasses.emplace_back(move(qualifiedName), record);
+    for (clang::CXXRecordDecl *const record : m_records) {
+        auto &relevantClass = relevantClasses.emplace_back(record->getQualifiedNameAsString(), record);
+        computeRelevantClass(relevantClass);
+        if (relevantClass.isRelevant != IsRelevant::Yes) {
+            relevantClasses.pop_back();
        }
    }
    return relevantClasses;
--- a/generator/serializationcodegenerator.h
+++ b/generator/serializationcodegenerator.h
@ -5,6 +5,8 @@

 #include <llvm/ADT/StringRef.h>

+#include <optional>
+
 namespace ReflectiveRapidJSON {

 std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, llvm::StringRef str);
@ -15,11 +17,14 @@ std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, llvm::StringRef str);
 */
 class SerializationCodeGenerator : public CodeGenerator {
 public:
+    enum class IsRelevant { Yes, No, Maybe };
    struct RelevantClass {
        explicit RelevantClass(std::string &&qualifiedName, clang::CXXRecordDecl *record);

        std::string qualifiedName;
-        clang::CXXRecordDecl *record;
+        std::string relevantBase;
+        clang::CXXRecordDecl *record = nullptr;
+        IsRelevant isRelevant = IsRelevant::Maybe;
    };

    SerializationCodeGenerator(CodeFactory &factory);
@ -27,9 +32,7 @@ public:
    void addDeclaration(clang::Decl *decl) override;

 protected:
-    enum class IsRelevant { Yes, No, Maybe };
-    IsRelevant isQualifiedNameIfRelevant(clang::CXXRecordDecl *record, const std::string &qualifiedName) const;
-    virtual std::string qualifiedNameIfRelevant(clang::CXXRecordDecl *record) const = 0;
+    virtual void computeRelevantClass(RelevantClass &possiblyRelevantClass) const;
    std::vector<RelevantClass> findRelevantClasses() const;
    static std::vector<const RelevantClass *> findRelevantBaseClasses(
        const RelevantClass &relevantClass, const std::vector<RelevantClass> &relevantBases);
--- a/generator/testfiles/some_structs_json_serialization.h
+++ b/generator/testfiles/some_structs_json_serialization.h
@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ template <>  void pull<::TestNamespace1::Person>(::TestNamespace1::Person &refle
 {
    // pull base classes
    // set error context for current record
-    const char *previousRecord;
+    const char *previousRecord = nullptr;
    if (errors) {
        previousRecord = errors->currentRecord;
        errors->currentRecord = "TestNamespace1::Person";
@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ template <>  void pull<::TestNamespace2::ThirdPartyStruct>(::TestNamespace2::Thi
 {
    // pull base classes
    // set error context for current record
-    const char *previousRecord;
+    const char *previousRecord = nullptr;
    if (errors) {
        previousRecord = errors->currentRecord;
        errors->currentRecord = "TestNamespace2::ThirdPartyStruct";
--- a/generator/tests/jsongenerator.cpp
+++ b/generator/tests/jsongenerator.cpp
@ -64,13 +64,14 @@ JsonGeneratorTests::JsonGeneratorTests()
 */
 void JsonGeneratorTests::testGeneratorItself()
 {
-    const string inputFilePath(testFilePath("some_structs.h"));
-    const vector<const char *> inputFiles{ inputFilePath.data() };
-    const vector<string> clangOptions{ "-resource-dir", REFLECTION_GENERATOR_CLANG_RESOURCE_DIR, "-std=c++17", "-I", CPP_UTILITIES_INCLUDE_DIRS,
+    const auto inputFilePath = testFilePath("some_structs.h");
+    const auto inputFiles = vector<const char *>{ inputFilePath.data() };
+    const auto clangOptions
+        = vector<std::string_view>{ "-resource-dir", REFLECTION_GENERATOR_CLANG_RESOURCE_DIR, "-std=c++17", "-I", CPP_UTILITIES_INCLUDE_DIRS,
 #ifdef RAPIDJSON_INCLUDE_DIRS
-        "-I", RAPIDJSON_INCLUDE_DIRS
+              "-I", RAPIDJSON_INCLUDE_DIRS
 #endif
-    };
+          };

    stringstream buffer;
    JsonSerializationCodeGenerator::Options jsonOptions;
@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ void JsonGeneratorTests::testGeneratorItself()
 }

 /*!
- * \brief Tests the generator CLI explicitely.
+ * \brief Tests the generator CLI explicitly.
 * \remarks Only available under UNIX (like) systems so far, because TESTUTILS_ASSERT_EXEC has not been implemented
 *          for other platforms.
 */
@ -163,7 +164,7 @@ void JsonGeneratorTests::testNesting()
 }

 /*!
- * \brief Like testIncludingGeneratedHeader() but also tests single inheritence.
+ * \brief Like testIncludingGeneratedHeader() but also tests single inheritance.
 */
 void JsonGeneratorTests::testSingleInheritence()
 {
@ -192,7 +193,7 @@ void JsonGeneratorTests::testSingleInheritence()
 }

 /*!
- * \brief Like testIncludingGeneratedHeader() but also tests multiple inheritence.
+ * \brief Like testIncludingGeneratedHeader() but also tests multiple inheritance.
 */
 void JsonGeneratorTests::testMultipleInheritence()
 {
--- a/generator/tests/morestructs.h
+++ b/generator/tests/morestructs.h
@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 #ifndef REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_TESTS_MORE_STRUCTS_H
 #define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_TESTS_MORE_STRUCTS_H

+#define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_SHORT_MACROS
+
 #include "../../lib/binary/serializable.h"
 #include "../../lib/json/serializable.h"
+#include "../../lib/versioning.h"

 using namespace std;
 using namespace ReflectiveRapidJSON;
@ -67,4 +70,29 @@ struct PointerStruct : public BinarySerializable<PointerStruct> {
    std::shared_ptr<PointerTarget> s3;
 };

+/*!
+ * \brief All of this is supposed to work if classes are within a namespace so let's use a namespace here.
+ */
+namespace SomeNamespace {
+
+/*!
+ * \brief The PointerStruct struct is used to test the behavior of the binary (de)serialization with smart pointer.
+ */
+// clang-format off
+struct VersionedStruct : public BinarySerializable<VersionedStruct, 3> {
+    std::uint32_t a, b;
+
+until_version(2):
+    std::uint32_t c, d;
+
+as_of_version(3):
+    std::uint32_t e, f;
+
+as_of_version(4):
+    std::uint32_t g;
+};
+// clang-format on
+
+} // namespace SomeNamespace
+
 #endif // REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_TESTS_MORE_STRUCTS_H
--- a/generator/tests/structs.h
+++ b/generator/tests/structs.h
@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_MAKE_JSON_SERIALIZABLE(NotJsonSerializable);
 REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_MAKE_JSON_SERIALIZABLE(NestedNotJsonSerializable);

 /*!
- * \brief The OtherNotJsonSerializable struct is used to test whether code for (de)serialization is generated for classes explicitely
+ * \brief The OtherNotJsonSerializable struct is used to test whether code for (de)serialization is generated for classes explicitly
 *        specified via CMake macro (despite use of REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_ADAPT_JSON_SERIALIZABLE or JsonSerializable is
 *        missing).
 */
--- a/lib/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/lib/CMakeLists.txt
@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.1.0 FATAL_ERROR)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.17.0 FATAL_ERROR)

 # metadata
 set(META_PROJECT_TYPE library)
 set(META_HEADER_ONLY_LIB ON)

 # add project files
-set(HEADER_FILES traits.h)
+set(HEADER_FILES traits.h versioning.h)
 set(SRC_FILES)
 set(TEST_HEADER_FILES)
 set(TEST_SRC_FILES)
@ -33,13 +33,7 @@ list(APPEND HEADER_FILES binary/reflector.h binary/reflector-boosthana.h binary/
 list(APPEND TEST_SRC_FILES tests/traits.cpp tests/binaryreflector.cpp tests/binaryreflector-boosthana.cpp)

 # add (only) the CMake module and include dirs for c++utilities because we're not depending on the actual library
-list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CPP_UTILITIES_MODULE_DIRS})
-if (CPP_UTILITIES_SOURCE_DIR)
-    list(APPEND PUBLIC_INCLUDE_DIRS $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CPP_UTILITIES_SOURCE_DIR}/..>
-         $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${CPP_UTILITIES_INCLUDE_DIRS}>)
-else ()
-    list(APPEND PUBLIC_INCLUDE_DIRS "${CPP_UTILITIES_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
-endif ()
+use_cpp_utilities(ONLY_HEADERS VISIBILITY PUBLIC)

 # find RapidJSON, also add only the include dirs because RapidJSON is a header-only library
 if (RapidJSON_FOUND)
--- a/lib/binary/reflector-boosthana.h
+++ b/lib/binary/reflector-boosthana.h
@ -24,16 +24,17 @@
 namespace ReflectiveRapidJSON {
 namespace BinaryReflector {

-template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> *> void readCustomType(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, Type &customType)
+template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> *>
+BinaryVersion readCustomType(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, Type &customType, BinaryVersion version)
 {
-    boost::hana::for_each(
-        boost::hana::keys(customType), [&deserializer, &customType](auto key) { deserializer.read(boost::hana::at_key(customType, key)); });
+    boost::hana::for_each(boost::hana::keys(customType), [&](auto key) { deserializer.read(boost::hana::at_key(customType, key), version); });
+    return 0;
 }

-template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> *> void writeCustomType(BinarySerializer &serializer, const Type &customType)
+template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> *>
+void writeCustomType(BinarySerializer &serializer, const Type &customType, BinaryVersion version)
 {
-    boost::hana::for_each(
-        boost::hana::keys(customType), [&serializer, &customType](auto key) { serializer.write(boost::hana::at_key(customType, key)); });
+    boost::hana::for_each(boost::hana::keys(customType), [&](auto key) { serializer.write(boost::hana::at_key(customType, key), version); });
 }

 } // namespace BinaryReflector
--- a/lib/binary/reflector-chronoutilities.h
+++ b/lib/binary/reflector-chronoutilities.h
@ -16,23 +16,33 @@
 namespace ReflectiveRapidJSON {
 namespace BinaryReflector {

-template <> inline void readCustomType<CppUtilities::DateTime>(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, CppUtilities::DateTime &dateTime)
+template <>
+inline BinaryVersion readCustomType<CppUtilities::DateTime>(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, CppUtilities::DateTime &dateTime, BinaryVersion version)
 {
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(version)
    deserializer.read(dateTime.ticks());
+    return 0;
 }

-template <> inline void writeCustomType<CppUtilities::DateTime>(BinarySerializer &serializer, const CppUtilities::DateTime &dateTime)
+template <>
+inline void writeCustomType<CppUtilities::DateTime>(BinarySerializer &serializer, const CppUtilities::DateTime &dateTime, BinaryVersion version)
 {
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(version)
    serializer.write(dateTime.totalTicks());
 }

-template <> inline void readCustomType<CppUtilities::TimeSpan>(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, CppUtilities::TimeSpan &timeSpan)
+template <>
+inline BinaryVersion readCustomType<CppUtilities::TimeSpan>(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, CppUtilities::TimeSpan &timeSpan, BinaryVersion version)
 {
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(version)
    deserializer.read(timeSpan.ticks());
+    return 0;
 }

-template <> inline void writeCustomType<CppUtilities::TimeSpan>(BinarySerializer &serializer, const CppUtilities::TimeSpan &timeSpan)
+template <>
+inline void writeCustomType<CppUtilities::TimeSpan>(BinarySerializer &serializer, const CppUtilities::TimeSpan &timeSpan, BinaryVersion version)
 {
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(version)
    serializer.write(timeSpan.totalTicks());
 }

--- a/lib/binary/reflector.h
+++ b/lib/binary/reflector.h
@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 */

 #include "../traits.h"
+#include "../versioning.h"

 #include <c++utilities/conversion/conversionexception.h>
 #include <c++utilities/io/binaryreader.h>
@ -16,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <any>
 #include <limits>
 #include <memory>
+#include <optional>
 #include <string>
 #include <variant>

@ -33,7 +35,8 @@ template <typename T> struct AdaptedBinarySerializable : public Traits::Bool<fal
    static constexpr const char *qualifiedName = "ReflectiveRapidJSON::AdaptedBinarySerializable";
 };

-template <typename Type> struct BinarySerializable;
+using BinaryVersion = std::uint64_t;
+template <typename Type, BinaryVersion v = 0> struct BinarySerializable;

 /*!
 * \brief The BinaryReflector namespace contains BinaryReader and BinaryWriter for automatic binary (de)serialization.
@ -44,15 +47,29 @@ namespace BinaryReflector {
 template <typename Type>
 using IsBuiltInType = Traits::Any<Traits::IsAnyOf<Type, char, std::uint8_t, bool, std::string, std::int16_t, std::uint16_t, std::int32_t,
                                      std::uint32_t, std::int64_t, std::uint64_t, float, double>,
-    Traits::IsIteratable<Type>, Traits::IsSpecializingAnyOf<Type, std::pair, std::unique_ptr, std::shared_ptr>, std::is_enum<Type>, IsVariant<Type>>;
+    Traits::IsIteratable<Type>, Traits::IsSpecializingAnyOf<Type, std::pair, std::unique_ptr, std::shared_ptr, std::optional>, std::is_enum<Type>,
+    IsVariant<Type>>;
 template <typename Type> using IsCustomType = Traits::Not<IsBuiltInType<Type>>;

 class BinaryDeserializer;
 class BinarySerializer;

-template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> * = nullptr> void readCustomType(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, Type &customType);
-template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> * = nullptr> void writeCustomType(BinarySerializer &serializer, const Type &customType);
+/// \brief Reads \a customType via \a deserializer.
+/// \remarks
+/// - If \tp Type is versioned, the version is determined from the data. Otherwise \a version is assumed.
+/// - The determined or specified \a version shall be passed to nested invocations.
+/// \returns Returns the determined/assumed version.
+template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> * = nullptr>
+BinaryVersion readCustomType(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, Type &customType, BinaryVersion version = 0);

+/// \brief Writes \a customType via \a serializer.
+/// \remarks
+/// - If \tp Type is versioned, \a version is prepended to the data.
+/// - The specified \a version shall be passed to nested invocations.
+template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> * = nullptr>
+void writeCustomType(BinarySerializer &serializer, const Type &customType, BinaryVersion version = 0);
+
+/// \brief The BinaryDeserializer class can read various data types, including custom ones, from an std::istream.
 class BinaryDeserializer : public CppUtilities::BinaryReader {
    friend class ::BinaryReflectorTests;

@ -63,6 +80,7 @@ public:
    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::pair>> * = nullptr> void read(Type &pair);
    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::unique_ptr>> * = nullptr> void read(Type &pointer);
    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::shared_ptr>> * = nullptr> void read(Type &pointer);
+    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::optional>> * = nullptr> void read(Type &pointer);
    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsArray<Type>, Traits::IsResizable<Type>> * = nullptr> void read(Type &iteratable);
    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIfAny<IsMapOrHash<Type>, IsMultiMapOrHash<Type>> * = nullptr> void read(Type &iteratable);
    template <typename Type,
@ -71,12 +89,14 @@ public:
    void read(Type &iteratable);
    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<std::is_enum<Type>> * = nullptr> void read(Type &enumValue);
    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsVariant<Type>> * = nullptr> void read(Type &variant);
-    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> * = nullptr> void read(Type &customType);
+    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsBuiltInType<Type>> * = nullptr> BinaryVersion read(Type &builtInType, BinaryVersion version);
+    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> * = nullptr> BinaryVersion read(Type &customType, BinaryVersion version = 0);

 private:
    std::unordered_map<std::uint64_t, std::any> m_pointer;
 };

+/// \brief The BinarySerializer class can write various data types, including custom ones, to an std::ostream.
 class BinarySerializer : public CppUtilities::BinaryWriter {
    friend class ::BinaryReflectorTests;

@ -85,12 +105,14 @@ public:

    using CppUtilities::BinaryWriter::write;
    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::pair>> * = nullptr> void write(const Type &pair);
-    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializingAnyOf<Type, std::unique_ptr>> * = nullptr> void write(const Type &pointer);
+    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializingAnyOf<Type, std::unique_ptr, std::optional>> * = nullptr>
+    void write(const Type &pointer);
    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializingAnyOf<Type, std::shared_ptr>> * = nullptr> void write(const Type &pointer);
    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsIteratableExceptString<Type>, Traits::HasSize<Type>> * = nullptr> void write(const Type &iteratable);
    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<std::is_enum<Type>> * = nullptr> void write(const Type &enumValue);
    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsVariant<Type>> * = nullptr> void write(const Type &variant);
-    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> * = nullptr> void write(const Type &customType);
+    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsBuiltInType<Type>> * = nullptr> void write(const Type &builtInType, BinaryVersion version);
+    template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> * = nullptr> void write(const Type &customType, BinaryVersion version = 0);

 private:
    std::unordered_map<std::uint64_t, bool> m_pointer;
@ -128,12 +150,12 @@ template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::

    const auto id = (mode & 0x4) ? readUInt64BE() : readVariableLengthUIntBE(); // the 3rd bit being flagged indicates a big ID
    if ((mode & 0x3) == 1) {
-        // first occurence: make a new pointer
+        // first occurrence: make a new pointer
        m_pointer[id] = pointer = std::make_shared<typename Type::element_type>();
        read(*pointer);
        return;
    }
-    // further occurences: copy previous pointer
+    // further occurrences: copy previous pointer
    try {
        pointer = std::any_cast<Type>(m_pointer[id]);
    } catch (const std::bad_any_cast &) {
@ -141,6 +163,16 @@ template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::
    }
 }

+template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::optional>> *> void BinaryDeserializer::read(Type &opt)
+{
+    if (!readBool()) {
+        opt.reset();
+        return;
+    }
+    opt = std::make_optional<typename Type::value_type>();
+    read(*opt);
+}
+
 template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsArray<Type>, Traits::IsResizable<Type>> *> void BinaryDeserializer::read(Type &iteratable)
 {
    const auto size = readVariableLengthUIntBE();
@ -207,9 +239,15 @@ template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsVariant<Type>> *> void BinaryDeseria
    Detail::readVariantValueByRuntimeIndex(readByte(), variant, *this);
 }

-template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> *> void BinaryDeserializer::read(Type &customType)
+template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsBuiltInType<Type>> *> BinaryVersion BinaryDeserializer::read(Type &builtInType, BinaryVersion version)
 {
-    readCustomType(*this, customType);
+    read(builtInType);
+    return version;
+}
+
+template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> *> BinaryVersion BinaryDeserializer::read(Type &customType, BinaryVersion version)
+{
+    return readCustomType(*this, customType, version);
 }

 inline BinarySerializer::BinarySerializer(std::ostream *stream)
@ -223,12 +261,12 @@ template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::
    write(pair.second);
 }

-template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializingAnyOf<Type, std::unique_ptr>> *> void BinarySerializer::write(const Type &pointer)
+template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializingAnyOf<Type, std::unique_ptr, std::optional>> *>
+void BinarySerializer::write(const Type &opt)
 {
-    const bool hasValue = pointer != nullptr;
-    writeBool(hasValue);
-    if (hasValue) {
-        write(*pointer);
+    writeBool(static_cast<bool>(opt));
+    if (opt) {
+        write(*opt);
    }
 }

@ -286,9 +324,15 @@ template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsVariant<Type>> *> void BinarySeriali
        variant);
 }

-template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> *> void BinarySerializer::write(const Type &customType)
+template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsBuiltInType<Type>> *> void BinarySerializer::write(const Type &builtInType, BinaryVersion version)
 {
-    writeCustomType(*this, customType);
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(version)
+    write(builtInType);
+}
+
+template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<IsCustomType<Type>> *> void BinarySerializer::write(const Type &customType, BinaryVersion version)
+{
+    writeCustomType(*this, customType, version);
 }

 } // namespace BinaryReflector
--- a/lib/binary/serializable.h
+++ b/lib/binary/serializable.h
@ -3,7 +3,7 @@

 /*!
 * \file serializable.h
- * \brief Contains only the definiation of the BinarySerializable template class which makes the reflection
+ * \brief Contains only the definition of the BinarySerializable template class which makes the reflection
 *        accessible. The actual implementation is found in binaryreflector.h and generated files.
 */

@ -14,28 +14,36 @@

 namespace ReflectiveRapidJSON {

+using BinaryVersionNotSupported = VersionNotSupported<BinaryVersion>;
+
 /*!
 * \brief The BinarySerializable class provides the CRTP-base for (de)serializable objects.
 */
-template <typename Type> struct BinarySerializable {
-    void toBinary(std::ostream &outputStream) const;
-    void restoreFromBinary(std::istream &inputStream);
+template <typename Type, BinaryVersion v> struct BinarySerializable {
+    using VersionNotSupported = BinaryVersionNotSupported;
+    void toBinary(std::ostream &outputStream, BinaryVersion version = 0) const;
+    BinaryVersion restoreFromBinary(std::istream &inputStream);
    static Type fromBinary(std::istream &inputStream);

    static constexpr const char *qualifiedName = "ReflectiveRapidJSON::BinarySerializable";
+    static constexpr auto version = v;
+
+#if __cplusplus > 201707L
+    bool operator==(const BinarySerializable<Type, v> &) const = default;
+#endif
 };

-template <typename Type> inline void BinarySerializable<Type>::toBinary(std::ostream &outputStream) const
+template <typename Type, BinaryVersion v> inline void BinarySerializable<Type, v>::toBinary(std::ostream &outputStream, BinaryVersion version) const
 {
-    BinaryReflector::BinarySerializer(&outputStream).write(static_cast<const Type &>(*this));
+    BinaryReflector::BinarySerializer(&outputStream).write(static_cast<const Type &>(*this), version);
 }

-template <typename Type> inline void BinarySerializable<Type>::restoreFromBinary(std::istream &inputStream)
+template <typename Type, BinaryVersion v> inline BinaryVersion BinarySerializable<Type, v>::restoreFromBinary(std::istream &inputStream)
 {
-    BinaryReflector::BinaryDeserializer(&inputStream).read(static_cast<Type &>(*this));
+    return BinaryReflector::BinaryDeserializer(&inputStream).read(static_cast<Type &>(*this));
 }

-template <typename Type> Type BinarySerializable<Type>::fromBinary(std::istream &inputStream)
+template <typename Type, BinaryVersion v> Type BinarySerializable<Type, v>::fromBinary(std::istream &inputStream)
 {
    Type object;
    static_cast<BinarySerializable<Type> &>(object).restoreFromBinary(inputStream);
@ -50,8 +58,7 @@ template <typename Type> Type BinarySerializable<Type>::fromBinary(std::istream
 *       Find out whether this is a compiler bug or a correct error message.
 */
 #define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_MAKE_BINARY_SERIALIZABLE(T)                                                                                             \
-    template <> struct ReflectiveRapidJSON::AdaptedBinarySerializable<T> : Traits::Bool<true> {                                                      \
-    }
+    template <> struct ReflectiveRapidJSON::AdaptedBinarySerializable<T> : Traits::Bool<true> {}

 } // namespace ReflectiveRapidJSON

--- a/lib/cmake/modules/ReflectionGenerator.cmake
+++ b/lib/cmake/modules/ReflectionGenerator.cmake
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.3.0 FATAL_ERROR)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.17.0 FATAL_ERROR)

 # prevent multiple inclusion
 if (DEFINED REFLECTION_GENERATOR_MODULE_LOADED)
@ -44,10 +44,10 @@ if (NOT REFLECTION_GENERATOR_CLANG_RESOURCE_DIR)
            message(FATAL_ERROR "Unable to find the clang executable to determine Clang's resource directory")
        endif ()
    endif ()
-    exec_program(
-        ${REFLECTION_GENERATOR_CLANG_BIN} ARGS
-        -print-resource-dir OUTPUT_VARIABLE
-        REFLECTION_GENERATOR_CLANG_RESOURCE_DIR)
+    execute_process(
+        COMMAND ${REFLECTION_GENERATOR_CLANG_BIN} -print-resource-dir
+        OUTPUT_VARIABLE REFLECTION_GENERATOR_CLANG_RESOURCE_DIR
+        OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE)
 endif ()
 if (NOT REFLECTION_GENERATOR_CLANG_RESOURCE_DIR OR NOT IS_DIRECTORY "${REFLECTION_GENERATOR_CLANG_RESOURCE_DIR}")
    message(
@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ endfunction ()
 include(CMakeParseArguments)
 function (add_reflection_generator_invocation)
    # parse arguments
-    set(OPTIONAL_ARGS)
+    set(OPTIONAL_ARGS ERROR_RESILIENT)
    set(ONE_VALUE_ARGS OUTPUT_DIRECTORY JSON_VISIBILITY BINARY_VISBILITY)
    set(MULTI_VALUE_ARGS
        INPUT_FILES
@ -121,30 +121,25 @@ function (add_reflection_generator_invocation)
        list(APPEND ARGS_CLANG_OPTIONS -I "${INCLUDE_DIR}")
    endforeach ()

-    # add workaround for cross compiling with mingw-w64 to prevent host stdlib.h being included (not sure why specifying
-    # REFLECTION_GENERATOR_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES is not enough to let it find this particular header file)
-    if (MINGW)
-        # find MinGW version of stdlib.h
-        find_file(MINGW_W64_STDLIB_H stdlib.h ${REFLECTION_GENERATOR_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES})
-        if (NOT EXISTS "${MINGW_W64_STDLIB_H}")
-            message(
-                FATAL_ERROR
-                    "Unable to locate MinGW version of stdlib.h. Ensure it is in REFLECTION_GENERATOR_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES.")
-        endif ()
-
-        # ensure libtooling includes the MinGW version of stdlib.h rather than the host version
-        list(APPEND ARGS_CLANG_OPTIONS -include "${MINGW_W64_STDLIB_H}" -D_STDLIB_H # prevent processing of host stdlib.h
-        )
+    # avoid including headers from host when cross compiling
+    if (CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
+        list(APPEND ARGS_CLANG_OPTIONS -nostdinc)
    endif ()

    # add options to be passed to clang from the specified targets
    if (ARGS_CLANG_OPTIONS_FROM_TARGETS)
        foreach (TARGET_NAME ${ARGS_CLANG_OPTIONS_FROM_TARGETS})
            # set c++ standard
-            list(APPEND ARGS_CLANG_OPTIONS "-std=c++$<TARGET_PROPERTY:${TARGET_NAME},CXX_STANDARD>")
-            # add compile flags
+            list(
+                APPEND
+                ARGS_CLANG_OPTIONS
+                "$<$<BOOL:$<TARGET_PROPERTY:${TARGET_NAME},CXX_STANDARD>>:-std=c++$<TARGET_PROPERTY:${TARGET_NAME},CXX_STANDARD>>"
+            )
+            # add compile flags and options
            _reflective_rapidjson_set_prop("${TARGET_NAME}" COMPILE_FLAGS)
            list(APPEND ARGS_CLANG_OPTIONS "$<$<BOOL:${PROP}>:$<JOIN:${PROP},$<SEMICOLON>>>")
+            _reflective_rapidjson_set_prop("${TARGET_NAME}" COMPILE_OPTIONS)
+            list(APPEND ARGS_CLANG_OPTIONS "$<$<BOOL:${PROP}>:$<JOIN:${PROP},$<SEMICOLON>>>")
            # add compile definitions
            _reflective_rapidjson_set_prop("${TARGET_NAME}" COMPILE_DEFINITIONS)
            list(APPEND ARGS_CLANG_OPTIONS "$<$<BOOL:${PROP}>:-D$<JOIN:${PROP},$<SEMICOLON>-D>>")
@ -195,6 +190,9 @@ function (add_reflection_generator_invocation)
        if (ARGS_BINARY_VISBILITY)
            list(APPEND CLI_ARGUMENTS --binary-visibility "${ARGS_BINARY_VISBILITY}")
        endif ()
+        if (ARGS_ERROR_RESILIENT)
+            list(APPEND CLI_ARGUMENTS --error-resilient)
+        endif ()
        add_custom_command(
            OUTPUT "${OUTPUT_FILE}"
            COMMAND "${REFLECTION_GENERATOR_EXECUTABLE}" ARGS ${CLI_ARGUMENTS}
--- a/lib/include/reflective_rapidjson/versioning.h
+++ b/lib/include/reflective_rapidjson/versioning.h
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../versioning.h
--- a/lib/json/errorhandling.h
+++ b/lib/json/errorhandling.h
@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ struct JsonDeserializationError {
    JsonDeserializationError(JsonDeserializationErrorKind kind, JsonType expectedType, JsonType actualType, const char *record,
        const char *member = nullptr, std::size_t index = noIndex);

-    /// \brief Which kind of error occured.
+    /// \brief Which kind of error occurred.
    JsonDeserializationErrorKind kind;
    /// \brief The expected type (might not be relevant for all error kinds).
    JsonType expectedType;
@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ struct JsonDeserializationError {
    /// \brief The index in the array which was being processed when the error was ascertained.
    std::size_t index;

-    /// \brief Indicates no array was being processed when the error occured.
+    /// \brief Indicates no array was being processed when the error occurred.
    static constexpr std::size_t noIndex = std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max();
 };

@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ struct JsonDeserializationErrors : public std::vector<JsonDeserializationError>
    JsonDeserializationErrors();

    template <typename ExpectedType> void reportTypeMismatch(RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Type presentType);
+    template <RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Type expectedType> void reportTypeMismatch(RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Type presentType);
    void reportArraySizeMismatch();
    void reportConversionError(JsonType jsonType);
    void reportUnexpectedDuplicate(JsonType jsonType);
@ -220,6 +221,16 @@ template <typename ExpectedType> inline void JsonDeserializationErrors::reportTy
    throwMaybe(ThrowOn::TypeMismatch);
 }

+/*!
+ * \brief Reports a type mismatch between \tparam expectedType and \a presentType within the current context.
+ */
+template <RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Type expectedType> inline void JsonDeserializationErrors::reportTypeMismatch(RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Type presentType)
+{
+    emplace_back(
+        JsonDeserializationErrorKind::TypeMismatch, jsonType(expectedType), jsonType(presentType), currentRecord, currentMember, currentIndex);
+    throwMaybe(ThrowOn::TypeMismatch);
+}
+
 /*!
 * \brief Reports an array size mismatch.
 * \todo Allow specifying expected and actual size.
--- a/lib/json/reflector.h
+++ b/lib/json/reflector.h
@ -19,11 +19,13 @@
 #include <limits>
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
+#include <optional>
 #include <set>
 #include <string>
 #include <tuple>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <unordered_set>
+#include <utility>
 #include <variant>

 #include "./errorhandling.h"
@ -81,9 +83,8 @@ inline RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Document parseJsonDocFromString(const char *json, st
 // define traits to distinguish between "built-in" types like int, std::string, std::vector, ... and custom structs/classes
 template <typename Type>
 using IsBuiltInType = Traits::Any<std::is_integral<Type>, std::is_floating_point<Type>, std::is_pointer<Type>, std::is_enum<Type>,
-    Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::tuple>, Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::pair>, Traits::IsIteratable<Type>,
-    Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::unique_ptr>, Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::shared_ptr>,
-    Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::weak_ptr>, IsVariant<Type>>;
+    Traits::IsSpecializingAnyOf<Type, std::tuple, std::pair>, Traits::IsIteratable<Type>,
+    Traits::IsSpecializingAnyOf<Type, std::unique_ptr, std::shared_ptr, std::weak_ptr, std::optional>, IsVariant<Type>>;
 template <typename Type> using IsCustomType = Traits::Not<IsBuiltInType<Type>>;

 // define trait to check for custom structs/classes which are JSON serializable
@ -147,12 +148,24 @@ inline void push(const Type &reflectable, RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Value &value, RAP
 /*!
 * \brief Pushes the specified integer/float/boolean to the specified value.
 */
-template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIfAny<std::is_integral<Type>, std::is_floating_point<Type>> * = nullptr>
+template <typename Type,
+    Traits::EnableIfAny<
+        Traits::All<std::is_integral<Type>, Traits::Not<std::is_same<Type, std::uint8_t>>, Traits::Not<std::is_same<Type, std::int8_t>>>,
+        std::is_floating_point<Type>> * = nullptr>
 inline void push(Type reflectable, RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Value &value, RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Document::AllocatorType &allocator)
 {
    value.Set(reflectable, allocator);
 }

+/*!
+ * \brief Pushes the specified 8-bit integer to the specified value.
+ */
+template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIfAny<std::is_same<Type, std::uint8_t>, std::is_same<Type, std::int8_t>> * = nullptr>
+inline void push(Type reflectable, RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Value &value, RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Document::AllocatorType &allocator)
+{
+    value.Set(static_cast<int>(reflectable), allocator);
+}
+
 /*!
 * \brief Pushes the specified enumeration item to the specified value.
 */
@ -177,7 +190,7 @@ inline void push(Type reflectable, RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Value &value, RAPIDJSON_
 }

 /*!
- * \brief Pushes the specified C-string to the specified value.
+ * \brief Pushes the specified std::string_view to the specified value.
 */
 template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<std::is_same<Type, std::string_view>> * = nullptr>
 inline void push(Type reflectable, RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Value &value, RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Document::AllocatorType &allocator)
@ -206,7 +219,7 @@ void push(const Type &reflectable, RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Value &value, RAPIDJSON_
 {
    value.SetArray();
    RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Value::Array array(value.GetArray());
-    array.Reserve(reflectable.size(), allocator);
+    array.Reserve(rapidJsonSize(reflectable.size()), allocator);
    for (const auto &item : reflectable) {
        push(item, array, allocator);
    }
@ -306,11 +319,10 @@ void push(const Type &reflectable, RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Value &value, RAPIDJSON_
 }

 /*!
- * \brief Pushes the specified unique_ptr, shared_ptr or weak_ptr to the specified value.
+ * \brief Pushes the specified unique_ptr, shared_ptr, weak_ptr or optional to the specified value.
 */
 template <typename Type,
-    Traits::EnableIfAny<Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::unique_ptr>, Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::shared_ptr>,
-        Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::weak_ptr>> * = nullptr>
+    Traits::EnableIfAny<Traits::IsSpecializingAnyOf<Type, std::unique_ptr, std::shared_ptr, std::weak_ptr, std::optional>> * = nullptr>
 void push(const Type &reflectable, RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Value &value, RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Document::AllocatorType &allocator)
 {
    if (!reflectable) {
@ -332,7 +344,7 @@ void push(const Type &reflectable, RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Value &value, RAPIDJSON_
    }

    RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Value index, data;
-    index.SetInt(reflectable.index());
+    index.SetUint64(reflectable.index());
    std::visit(
        [&data, &allocator](const auto &reflectableOfActualType) {
            if constexpr (!std::is_same_v<std::decay_t<decltype(reflectableOfActualType)>, std::monostate>) {
@ -479,6 +491,12 @@ void pull(Type &reflectable, const rapidjson::GenericValue<RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::
 template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::shared_ptr>> * = nullptr>
 void pull(Type &reflectable, const rapidjson::GenericValue<RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::UTF8<char>> &value, JsonDeserializationErrors *errors);

+/*!
+ * \brief Pulls the specified \a reflectable which is an std::optional from the specified value which might be null.
+ */
+template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::optional>> * = nullptr>
+void pull(Type &reflectable, const rapidjson::GenericValue<RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::UTF8<char>> &value, JsonDeserializationErrors *errors);
+
 /*!
 * \brief Pulls the specified \a reflectable which is a variant from the specified value which might be null.
 */
@ -511,7 +529,8 @@ void pull(Type &reflectable, const RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::GenericValue<RAPIDJSON_N
 * \brief Pulls the integer or float from the specified value which is supposed and checked to contain the right type.
 */
 template <typename Type,
-    Traits::EnableIf<Traits::Not<std::is_same<Type, bool>>, Traits::Any<std::is_integral<Type>, std::is_floating_point<Type>>> * = nullptr>
+    Traits::EnableIf<Traits::Not<std::is_same<Type, bool>>, Traits::Not<std::is_same<Type, std::uint8_t>>,
+        Traits::Not<std::is_same<Type, std::int8_t>>, Traits::Any<std::is_integral<Type>, std::is_floating_point<Type>>> * = nullptr>
 inline void pull(
    Type &reflectable, const RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::GenericValue<RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::UTF8<char>> &value, JsonDeserializationErrors *errors)
 {
@ -524,6 +543,20 @@ inline void pull(
    reflectable = value.Is<Type>() ? value.Get<Type>() : static_cast<Type>(value.GetDouble());
 }

+/*!
+ * \brief Pulls the integer or float from the specified value which is supposed and checked to contain the right type.
+ */
+template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIfAny<std::is_same<Type, std::uint8_t>, std::is_same<Type, std::int8_t>> * = nullptr>
+inline void pull(
+    Type &reflectable, const RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::GenericValue<RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::UTF8<char>> &value, JsonDeserializationErrors *errors)
+{
+    int i = 0;
+    pull(i, value, errors);
+    if (value.IsNumber()) {
+        reflectable = static_cast<Type>(i);
+    }
+}
+
 /*!
 * \brief Pulls the boolean from the specified value which is supposed and checked to contain the right type.
 */
@ -668,7 +701,7 @@ void pull(Type &reflectable, rapidjson::GenericValue<RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::UTF8<c
        ++index;
        typename Type::value_type itemObj;
        pull(itemObj, item, errors);
-        reflectable.emplace(move(itemObj));
+        reflectable.emplace(std::move(itemObj));
    }

    // clear error context
@ -696,7 +729,7 @@ void pull(Type &reflectable, rapidjson::GenericValue<RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::UTF8<c
        ++index;
        typename Type::value_type itemObj;
        pull(itemObj, item, errors);
-        if (!reflectable.emplace(move(itemObj)).second) {
+        if (!reflectable.emplace(std::move(itemObj)).second) {
            errors->reportUnexpectedDuplicate(JsonType::Array);
        }
    }
@ -745,9 +778,9 @@ void pull(Type &reflectable, const rapidjson::GenericValue<RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::
            continue;
        }
        const auto array = i->value.GetArray();
-        for (const auto &value : array) {
+        for (const auto &arrayValue : array) {
            auto insertedIterator = reflectable.insert(typename Type::value_type(i->name.GetString(), typename Type::mapped_type()));
-            pull(insertedIterator->second, value, errors);
+            pull(insertedIterator->second, arrayValue, errors);
        }
    }
 }
@ -849,6 +882,20 @@ void pull(Type &reflectable, const rapidjson::GenericValue<RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::
    pull(*reflectable, value, errors);
 }

+/*!
+ * \brief Pulls the specified \a reflectable which is an std::optional from the specified value which might be null.
+ */
+template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<Traits::IsSpecializationOf<Type, std::optional>> *>
+void pull(Type &reflectable, const rapidjson::GenericValue<RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::UTF8<char>> &value, JsonDeserializationErrors *errors)
+{
+    if (value.IsNull()) {
+        reflectable.reset();
+        return;
+    }
+    reflectable = std::make_optional<typename Type::value_type>();
+    pull(*reflectable, value, errors);
+}
+
 /// \cond
 namespace Detail {
 template <typename Variant, std::size_t compiletimeIndex = 0>
@ -899,20 +946,14 @@ void pull(Type &reflectable, const rapidjson::GenericValue<RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::
        return;
    }
    const auto &indexValue = indexIterator->value;
-    if (!indexValue.IsInt()) {
+    if (!indexValue.IsUint64()) {
        if (errors) {
            errors->emplace_back(JsonDeserializationErrorKind::InvalidVariantIndex, JsonType::Number, jsonType(indexValue.GetType()),
                errors->currentRecord, errors->currentMember, errors->currentIndex);
        }
        return;
    }
-    const auto index = indexValue.GetInt();
-    if (index < 0) {
-        errors->emplace_back(JsonDeserializationErrorKind::InvalidVariantIndex, JsonType::Number, JsonType::Number, errors->currentRecord,
-            errors->currentMember, errors->currentIndex);
-        return;
-    }
-    Detail::assignVariantValueByRuntimeIndex(static_cast<std::size_t>(index), reflectable, dataIterator->value, errors);
+    Detail::assignVariantValueByRuntimeIndex(indexValue.GetUint64(), reflectable, dataIterator->value, errors);
 }

 /*!
@ -941,7 +982,7 @@ inline void pull(Type &reflectable, const char *name, const rapidjson::GenericVa
    }

    // set error context for current member
-    const char *previousMember;
+    const char *previousMember = nullptr;
    if (errors) {
        previousMember = errors->currentMember;
        errors->currentMember = name;
@ -1018,7 +1059,7 @@ RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Document toJsonDocument(const char *reflectable)
 }

 /*!
- * \brief Serializes the specified \a reflectable which is a C-string.
+ * \brief Serializes the specified \a reflectable which is an std::string_view.
 */
 template <typename Type, Traits::EnableIf<std::is_same<Type, std::string_view>> * = nullptr>
 RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::Document toJsonDocument(std::string_view reflectable)
--- a/lib/json/serializable.h
+++ b/lib/json/serializable.h
@ -3,7 +3,7 @@

 /*!
 * \file serializable.h
- * \brief Contains only the definiation of the JsonSerializable template class which makes the reflection
+ * \brief Contains only the definition of the JsonSerializable template class which makes the reflection
 *        accessible. The actual implementation is found in jsonreflector.h and generated files.
 */

@ -31,6 +31,10 @@ template <typename Type> struct JsonSerializable {
    static Type fromJson(const std::string &json, JsonDeserializationErrors *errors = nullptr);

    static constexpr const char *qualifiedName = "ReflectiveRapidJSON::JsonSerializable";
+
+#if __cplusplus > 201707L
+    bool operator==(const JsonSerializable<Type> &) const = default;
+#endif
 };

 /*!
@ -116,8 +120,7 @@ const JsonSerializable<Type> &as(const Type &serializable)
 *       Find out whether this is a compiler bug or a correct error message.
 */
 #define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_MAKE_JSON_SERIALIZABLE(T)                                                                                               \
-    template <> struct ReflectiveRapidJSON::AdaptedJsonSerializable<T> : Traits::Bool<true> {                                                        \
-    }
+    template <> struct ReflectiveRapidJSON::AdaptedJsonSerializable<T> : Traits::Bool<true> {}

 /*!
 * \def The REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_PUSH_PRIVATE_MEMBERS macro enables serialization of private members.
--- a/lib/tests/binaryreflector.cpp
+++ b/lib/tests/binaryreflector.cpp
@ -75,8 +75,9 @@ struct ObjectWithVariantsBinary : public BinarySerializable<ObjectWithVariantsBi
 namespace ReflectiveRapidJSON {
 namespace BinaryReflector {

-template <> void readCustomType<TestObjectBinary>(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, TestObjectBinary &customType)
+template <> BinaryVersion readCustomType<TestObjectBinary>(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, TestObjectBinary &customType, BinaryVersion version)
 {
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(version)
    deserializer.read(customType.number);
    deserializer.read(customType.number2);
    deserializer.read(customType.numbers);
@ -92,10 +93,12 @@ template <> void readCustomType<TestObjectBinary>(BinaryDeserializer &deserializ
    deserializer.read(customType.someEnumClass);
    deserializer.read(customType.timeSpan);
    deserializer.read(customType.dateTime);
+    return 0;
 }

-template <> void writeCustomType<TestObjectBinary>(BinarySerializer &serializer, const TestObjectBinary &customType)
+template <> void writeCustomType<TestObjectBinary>(BinarySerializer &serializer, const TestObjectBinary &customType, BinaryVersion version)
 {
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(version)
    serializer.write(customType.number);
    serializer.write(customType.number2);
    serializer.write(customType.numbers);
@ -113,27 +116,35 @@ template <> void writeCustomType<TestObjectBinary>(BinarySerializer &serializer,
    serializer.write(customType.dateTime);
 }

-template <> void readCustomType<NestingArrayBinary>(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, NestingArrayBinary &customType)
+template <> BinaryVersion readCustomType<NestingArrayBinary>(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, NestingArrayBinary &customType, BinaryVersion version)
 {
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(version)
    deserializer.read(customType.name);
    deserializer.read(customType.testObjects);
+    return 0;
 }

-template <> void writeCustomType<NestingArrayBinary>(BinarySerializer &serializer, const NestingArrayBinary &customType)
+template <> void writeCustomType<NestingArrayBinary>(BinarySerializer &serializer, const NestingArrayBinary &customType, BinaryVersion version)
 {
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(version)
    serializer.write(customType.name);
    serializer.write(customType.testObjects);
 }

-template <> void readCustomType<ObjectWithVariantsBinary>(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, ObjectWithVariantsBinary &customType)
+template <>
+BinaryVersion readCustomType<ObjectWithVariantsBinary>(BinaryDeserializer &deserializer, ObjectWithVariantsBinary &customType, BinaryVersion version)
 {
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(version)
    deserializer.read(customType.someVariant);
    deserializer.read(customType.anotherVariant);
    deserializer.read(customType.yetAnotherVariant);
+    return 0;
 }

-template <> void writeCustomType<ObjectWithVariantsBinary>(BinarySerializer &serializer, const ObjectWithVariantsBinary &customType)
+template <>
+void writeCustomType<ObjectWithVariantsBinary>(BinarySerializer &serializer, const ObjectWithVariantsBinary &customType, BinaryVersion version)
 {
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(version)
    serializer.write(customType.someVariant);
    serializer.write(customType.anotherVariant);
    serializer.write(customType.yetAnotherVariant);
@ -159,6 +170,7 @@ class BinaryReflectorTests : public TestFixture {
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSmallSharedPointer);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testBigSharedPointer);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testVariant);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testOptional);
    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();

 public:
@ -176,6 +188,7 @@ public:
    void testSmallSharedPointer();
    void testBigSharedPointer();
    void testVariant();
+    void testOptional();

 private:
    vector<unsigned char> m_buffer;
@ -260,13 +273,44 @@ void BinaryReflectorTests::tearDown()
 {
 }

+static void setBuffer(std::stringstream &stream, unsigned char *buffer, std::size_t bufferSize)
+{
+#if defined(__GLIBCXX__) && !defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION)
+    stream.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(reinterpret_cast<char *>(buffer), static_cast<std::streamsize>(bufferSize));
+#else
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(stream)
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(buffer)
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(bufferSize)
+#endif
+}
+
+static void readBuffer(std::stringstream &stream, unsigned char *buffer, std::size_t bufferSize)
+{
+#if defined(__GLIBCXX__) && !defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION)
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(stream)
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(buffer)
+    CPP_UTILITIES_UNUSED(bufferSize)
+#else
+    stream.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(buffer), static_cast<std::streamsize>(bufferSize));
+#endif
+}
+static void writeBuffer(std::stringstream &stream, unsigned char *buffer, std::size_t bufferSize)
+{
+#if defined(__GLIBCXX__) && !defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION)
+    stream.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(reinterpret_cast<char *>(buffer), static_cast<std::streamsize>(bufferSize));
+#else
+    stream.write(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(buffer), static_cast<std::streamsize>(bufferSize));
+#endif
+}
+
 void BinaryReflectorTests::testSerializeSimpleStruct()
 {
    stringstream stream(ios_base::out | ios_base::binary);
    stream.exceptions(ios_base::failbit | ios_base::badbit);
    m_buffer.resize(m_expectedTestObj.size());
-    stream.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(reinterpret_cast<char *>(m_buffer.data()), static_cast<streamsize>(m_buffer.size()));
+    setBuffer(stream, m_buffer.data(), m_buffer.size());
    m_testObj.toBinary(stream);
+    readBuffer(stream, m_buffer.data(), m_buffer.size());

    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(m_expectedTestObj, m_buffer);
 }
@ -275,7 +319,7 @@ void BinaryReflectorTests::testDeserializeSimpleStruct()
 {
    stringstream stream(ios_base::in | ios_base::binary);
    stream.exceptions(ios_base::failbit | ios_base::badbit);
-    stream.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(reinterpret_cast<char *>(m_expectedTestObj.data()), static_cast<streamsize>(m_expectedTestObj.size()));
+    writeBuffer(stream, m_expectedTestObj.data(), m_expectedTestObj.size());
    const auto deserialized(TestObjectBinary::fromBinary(stream));
    assertTestObject(deserialized);
 }
@ -285,8 +329,9 @@ void BinaryReflectorTests::testSerializeNestedStruct()
    stringstream stream(ios_base::out | ios_base::binary);
    stream.exceptions(ios_base::failbit | ios_base::badbit);
    m_buffer.resize(m_expectedNestedTestObj.size());
-    stream.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(reinterpret_cast<char *>(m_buffer.data()), static_cast<streamsize>(m_buffer.size()));
+    setBuffer(stream, m_buffer.data(), m_buffer.size());
    m_nestedTestObj.toBinary(stream);
+    readBuffer(stream, m_buffer.data(), m_buffer.size());

    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(m_expectedNestedTestObj, m_buffer);
 }
@ -295,7 +340,7 @@ void BinaryReflectorTests::testDeserializeNestedStruct()
 {
    stringstream stream(ios_base::in | ios_base::binary);
    stream.exceptions(ios_base::failbit | ios_base::badbit);
-    stream.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(reinterpret_cast<char *>(m_expectedNestedTestObj.data()), static_cast<streamsize>(m_expectedNestedTestObj.size()));
+    writeBuffer(stream, m_expectedNestedTestObj.data(), m_expectedNestedTestObj.size());

    const auto deserialized(NestingArrayBinary::fromBinary(stream));
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(m_nestedTestObj.name, deserialized.name);
@ -380,3 +425,28 @@ void BinaryReflectorTests::testVariant()
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL("foo"s, get<0>(deserializedVariants.anotherVariant));
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(42, get<1>(deserializedVariants.yetAnotherVariant));
 }
+
+void BinaryReflectorTests::testOptional()
+{
+    // create test objects
+    const auto str = std::make_optional<std::string>("foo");
+    const auto nullStr = std::optional<std::string>();
+
+    // serialize test object
+    auto stream = std::stringstream(std::ios_base::in | std::ios_base::out | std::ios_base::binary);
+    stream.exceptions(std::ios_base::failbit | std::ios_base::badbit);
+    auto ser = BinaryReflector::BinarySerializer(&stream);
+    ser.write(str);
+    ser.write(nullStr);
+
+    // deserialize the object again
+    auto deser = BinaryReflector::BinaryDeserializer(&stream);
+    auto deserStr = std::optional<std::string>();
+    auto deserNullStr = std::optional<std::string>();
+    deser.read(deserStr);
+    deser.read(deserNullStr);
+
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(deserStr.has_value());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL("foo"s, deserStr.value());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!nullStr.has_value());
+}
--- a/lib/tests/jsonreflector-boosthana.cpp
+++ b/lib/tests/jsonreflector-boosthana.cpp
@ -160,11 +160,11 @@ void JsonReflectorBoostHanaTests::testDeserializeNestedObjects()
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(2_st, testObjects.size());
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(42, testObjects[0].number);
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(43, testObjects[1].number);
-    for (const TestObjectHana &testObj : testObjects) {
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(3.141592653589793, testObj.number2);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(vector<int>({ 1, 2, 3, 4 }), testObj.numbers);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL("test"s, testObj.text);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(false, testObj.boolean);
+    for (const TestObjectHana &nestedTestObj : testObjects) {
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(3.141592653589793, nestedTestObj.number2);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(vector<int>({ 1, 2, 3, 4 }), nestedTestObj.numbers);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL("test"s, nestedTestObj.text);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(false, nestedTestObj.boolean);
    }
 }

--- a/lib/tests/jsonreflector.cpp
+++ b/lib/tests/jsonreflector.cpp
@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ template <> inline void push<NestingArray>(const NestingArray &reflectable, Valu
 template <>
 inline void pull<TestObject>(TestObject &reflectable, const GenericValue<UTF8<char>>::ConstObject &value, JsonDeserializationErrors *errors)
 {
-    const char *previousRecord;
+    const char *previousRecord = nullptr;
    if (errors) {
        previousRecord = errors->currentRecord;
        errors->currentRecord = "TestObject";
@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ inline void pull<TestObject>(TestObject &reflectable, const GenericValue<UTF8<ch
 template <>
 inline void pull<NestingObject>(NestingObject &reflectable, const GenericValue<UTF8<char>>::ConstObject &value, JsonDeserializationErrors *errors)
 {
-    const char *previousRecord;
+    const char *previousRecord = nullptr;
    if (errors) {
        previousRecord = errors->currentRecord;
        errors->currentRecord = "NestingObject";
@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ inline void pull<NestingObject>(NestingObject &reflectable, const GenericValue<U
 template <>
 inline void pull<NestingArray>(NestingArray &reflectable, const GenericValue<UTF8<char>>::ConstObject &value, JsonDeserializationErrors *errors)
 {
-    const char *previousRecord;
+    const char *previousRecord = nullptr;
    if (errors) {
        previousRecord = errors->currentRecord;
        errors->currentRecord = "NestingArray";
@ -186,11 +186,13 @@ class JsonReflectorTests : public TestFixture {
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSerializeNestedObjects);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSerializeUniquePtr);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSerializeSharedPtr);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testSerializeOptional);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testDeserializePrimitives);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testDeserializeSimpleObjects);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testDeserializeNestedObjects);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testDeserializeUniquePtr);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testDeserializeSharedPtr);
+    CPPUNIT_TEST(testDeserializeOptional);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testHandlingParseError);
    CPPUNIT_TEST(testHandlingTypeMismatch);
    CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();
@ -205,11 +207,13 @@ public:
    void testSerializeNestedObjects();
    void testSerializeUniquePtr();
    void testSerializeSharedPtr();
+    void testSerializeOptional();
    void testDeserializePrimitives();
    void testDeserializeSimpleObjects();
    void testDeserializeNestedObjects();
    void testDeserializeUniquePtr();
    void testDeserializeSharedPtr();
+    void testDeserializeOptional();
    void testHandlingParseError();
    void testHandlingTypeMismatch();

@ -237,7 +241,7 @@ void JsonReflectorTests::testSerializePrimitives()
    Document::Array array(doc.GetArray());

    // string
-    const string foo("foo"); // musn't be destroyed until JSON is actually written
+    const string foo("foo"); // mustn't be destroyed until JSON is actually written
    JsonReflector::push<string>(foo, array, alloc);
    JsonReflector::push<const char *>("bar", array, alloc);
    // number
@ -379,6 +383,28 @@ void JsonReflectorTests::testSerializeSharedPtr()
        string(strbuf.GetString()));
 }

+/*!
+ * \brief Tests serializing std::optional.
+ */
+void JsonReflectorTests::testSerializeOptional()
+{
+    Document doc(kArrayType);
+    Document::AllocatorType &alloc = doc.GetAllocator();
+    doc.SetArray();
+    Document::Array array(doc.GetArray());
+
+    const auto str = make_optional<std::string>("foo");
+    const auto nullStr = std::optional<std::string>();
+
+    JsonReflector::push(str, array, alloc);
+    JsonReflector::push(nullStr, array, alloc);
+
+    StringBuffer strbuf;
+    Writer<StringBuffer> jsonWriter(strbuf);
+    doc.Accept(jsonWriter);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL("[\"foo\",null]"s, std::string(strbuf.GetString()));
+}
+
 /*!
 * \brief Tests deserializing strings, numbers (int, float, double) and boolean.
 */
@ -500,11 +526,11 @@ void JsonReflectorTests::testDeserializeNestedObjects()
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(2_st, testObjects.size());
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(42, testObjects[0].number);
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(43, testObjects[1].number);
-    for (const TestObject &testObj : testObjects) {
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(3.141592653589793, testObj.number2);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(vector<int>({ 1, 2, 3, 4 }), testObj.numbers);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL("test"s, testObj.text);
-        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(false, testObj.boolean);
+    for (const TestObject &nestedTestObj : testObjects) {
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(3.141592653589793, nestedTestObj.number2);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(vector<int>({ 1, 2, 3, 4 }), nestedTestObj.numbers);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL("test"s, nestedTestObj.text);
+        CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(false, nestedTestObj.boolean);
    }

    const auto nestedInVector(JsonReflector::fromJson<vector<TestObject>>(
@ -517,6 +543,9 @@ void JsonReflectorTests::testDeserializeNestedObjects()
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL("test"s, nestedInVector[0].text);
 }

+/*!
+ * \brief Tests deserializing std::optional.
+ */
 void JsonReflectorTests::testDeserializeUniquePtr()
 {
    Document doc(kArrayType);
@ -561,6 +590,22 @@ void JsonReflectorTests::testDeserializeSharedPtr()
    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL("bar"s, obj->text);
 }

+void JsonReflectorTests::testDeserializeOptional()
+{
+    Document doc(kArrayType);
+    doc.Parse("[\"foo\",null]");
+    auto array = doc.GetArray().begin();
+
+    optional<string> str = "foo"s;
+    optional<string> nullStr;
+    JsonDeserializationErrors errors;
+    JsonReflector::pull(str, array, &errors);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL(0_st, errors.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(str.has_value());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT_EQUAL("foo"s, *str);
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(!nullStr.has_value());
+}
+
 /*!
 * \brief Tests whether RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE::ParseResult is thrown correctly when passing invalid JSON to fromJSON().
 */
--- a/lib/tests/traits.cpp
+++ b/lib/tests/traits.cpp
@ -1,13 +1,21 @@
 #include "../traits.h"
+#include "../versioning.h"
+
+#include "../binary/serializable.h"

 #include <list>
 #include <vector>

-// treat some types differently to test Treat... traits
-struct Foo {
-};
-struct Bar {
-};
+// define structs for testing REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_TREAT_AS_…
+struct Foo {};
+struct Bar {};
+
+// define structs for testing versioning
+struct VersionlessBase : public ReflectiveRapidJSON::BinarySerializable<VersionlessBase> {};
+struct VersionedDerived : public VersionlessBase, public ReflectiveRapidJSON::BinarySerializable<VersionedDerived, 1> {};
+struct VersionedBase : public ReflectiveRapidJSON::BinarySerializable<VersionlessBase, 1> {};
+struct VersionlessDerived : public VersionedBase, public ReflectiveRapidJSON::BinarySerializable<VersionlessDerived> {};
+
 namespace ReflectiveRapidJSON {
 REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_TREAT_AS_MAP_OR_HASH(Foo);
 REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_TREAT_AS_MULTI_MAP_OR_HASH(Foo);
@ -48,3 +56,14 @@ static_assert(IsIteratableExceptString<std::vector<int>>::value, "vector is iter
 static_assert(!IsIteratableExceptString<std::string>::value, "string not iteratable");
 static_assert(!IsIteratableExceptString<std::wstring>::value, "wstring not iteratable");
 static_assert(!IsIteratableExceptString<const std::string>::value, "string not iteratable");
+
+// test versioning traits
+static_assert(!Versioning<int>::enabled, "versioning for built-in types not enabled");
+static_assert(!Versioning<std::string>::enabled, "versioning for standard types not enabled");
+static_assert(!Versioning<VersionlessBase>::enabled, "versioning not enabled by default");
+static_assert(Versioning<BinarySerializable<VersionedDerived, 1>>::enabled, "versioning enabled if non-zero version parameter specified (derived)");
+static_assert(Versioning<VersionedBase>::enabled, "versioning enabled if non-zero version parameter specified (base)");
+static_assert(!Versioning<BinarySerializable<VersionlessDerived>>::enabled, "versioning disabled for derived, even if base is versioned");
+static_assert(!Versioning<BinarySerializable<Foo, 0>>::enabled, "versioning disabled if zero-version specified");
+static_assert(Versioning<BinarySerializable<Foo, 3>>::applyDefault(0) == 3, "default version returned");
+static_assert(Versioning<BinarySerializable<Foo, 3>>::applyDefault(2) == 2, "default version overridden");
--- a/lib/traits.h
+++ b/lib/traits.h
@ -16,30 +16,22 @@ namespace Traits = ::CppUtilities::Traits;

 // define structs and macros to allow treating custom data types as std::map, std::set, ...
 /// \brief \brief The TreatAsMapOrHash class allows treating custom classes as std::map or std::unordered_map.
-template <typename T> struct TreatAsMapOrHash : public Traits::Bool<false> {
-};
+template <typename T> struct TreatAsMapOrHash : public Traits::Bool<false> {};
 /// \brief \brief The TreatAsMultiMapOrHash class allows treating custom classes as std::multimap or std::unordered_multimap.
-template <typename T> struct TreatAsMultiMapOrHash : public Traits::Bool<false> {
-};
+template <typename T> struct TreatAsMultiMapOrHash : public Traits::Bool<false> {};
 /// \brief \brief The TreatAsSet class allows treating custom classes as std::set or std::unordered_set.
-template <typename T> struct TreatAsSet : public Traits::Bool<false> {
-};
+template <typename T> struct TreatAsSet : public Traits::Bool<false> {};
 /// \brief \brief The TreatAsMultiSet class allows treating custom classes as std::multiset or std::unordered_multiset.
-template <typename T> struct TreatAsMultiSet : public Traits::Bool<false> {
-};
+template <typename T> struct TreatAsMultiSet : public Traits::Bool<false> {};

 #define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_TREAT_AS_MAP_OR_HASH(T)                                                                                                 \
-    template <> struct TreatAsMapOrHash<T> : public Traits::Bool<true> {                                                                             \
-    }
+    template <> struct TreatAsMapOrHash<T> : public Traits::Bool<true> {}
 #define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_TREAT_AS_MULTI_MAP_OR_HASH(T)                                                                                           \
-    template <> struct TreatAsMultiMapOrHash<T> : public Traits::Bool<true> {                                                                        \
-    }
+    template <> struct TreatAsMultiMapOrHash<T> : public Traits::Bool<true> {}
 #define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_TREAT_AS_SET(T)                                                                                                         \
-    template <> struct TreatAsSet<T> : public Traits::Bool<true> {                                                                                   \
-    }
+    template <> struct TreatAsSet<T> : public Traits::Bool<true> {}
 #define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_TREAT_AS_MULTI_SET(T)                                                                                                   \
-    template <> struct TreatAsMultiSet<T> : public Traits::Bool<true> {                                                                              \
-    }
+    template <> struct TreatAsMultiSet<T> : public Traits::Bool<true> {}

 // define traits to check for arrays, sets and maps
 template <typename Type>
--- a/lib/versioning.h
+++ b/lib/versioning.h
@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#ifndef REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_VERSIONING
+#define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_VERSIONING
+
+#include <c++utilities/misc/traits.h>
+
+namespace ReflectiveRapidJSON {
+
+#ifdef REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_GENERATOR
+#define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_CAT_1(a, b) a##b
+#define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_CAT_2(a, b) REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_CAT_1(a, b)
+#define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_AS_OF_VERSION(version)                                                                                                  \
+    static constexpr std::size_t REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_CAT_2(rrjAsOfVersion, __COUNTER__) = version;                                                  \
+public
+#define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_UNTIL_VERSION(version)                                                                                                  \
+    static constexpr std::size_t REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_CAT_2(rrjUntilVersion, __COUNTER__) = version;                                                 \
+public
+#else
+#define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_AS_OF_VERSION(version) public
+#define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_UNTIL_VERSION(version) public
+#endif
+
+#ifdef REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_SHORT_MACROS
+#define as_of_version(version) REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_AS_OF_VERSION(version)
+#define until_version(version) REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_UNTIL_VERSION(version)
+#endif
+
+CPP_UTILITIES_TRAITS_DEFINE_TYPE_CHECK(IsVersioned, T::version);
+
+template <typename VersionType> struct VersionNotSupported {
+    VersionType presentVersion = 0, maxVersion = 0;
+    const char *record = nullptr;
+};
+
+template <typename Type, bool Condition = IsVersioned<Type>::value> struct Versioning {
+    static constexpr auto enabled = false;
+};
+
+template <typename Type> struct Versioning<Type, true> {
+    static constexpr auto enabled = Type::version != 0;
+    static constexpr auto serializationDefault = Type::version;
+    static constexpr auto maxSupported = Type::version;
+    static constexpr auto applyDefault(decltype(serializationDefault) version)
+    {
+        return version ? version : serializationDefault;
+    }
+    static constexpr auto isSupported(decltype(maxSupported) version)
+    {
+        return version <= maxSupported;
+    }
+    static constexpr auto assertVersion(decltype(maxSupported) version, const char *record = nullptr)
+    {
+        if (!isSupported(version)) {
+            throw typename Type::VersionNotSupported({ .presentVersion = version, .maxVersion = maxSupported, .record = record });
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace ReflectiveRapidJSON
+
+#endif // REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_TRAITS
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Martchus	cc1641e0f8	Avoid use of deprecated `exec_program`	2023-12-19 20:28:41 +01:00
Martchus	1ea5b1e744	Avoid CMake deprecation warning by bumping version	2023-07-23 21:20:51 +02:00
Martchus	7c8ef68155	Avoid including headers from host when cross compiling	2023-06-06 16:31:06 +02:00
Martchus	e3e4596481	Allow configuring error resilience via CMake helper	2023-05-28 20:59:08 +02:00
Martchus	091d521152	Use `pubsetbuf` only with `libstdc++` This usage of the function seems only to work as intended with that standard lib. With `libc++` and the MSVC standard lib the call has no effect.	2023-02-28 21:19:40 +01:00
Martchus	9a6d550d8f	Apply clang-format/cmake-format	2023-02-03 13:34:19 +01:00
Martchus	e82d834bf2	Update copyright notice	2023-01-17 18:36:21 +01:00
Martchus	27b029ba67	Avoid invalid `-std=c++…` flag when `CXX_STANDARD` is empty in CMake macro	2022-12-23 20:54:54 +01:00
Martchus	d50a4c6004	Consider the `COMPILE_OPTIONS` target property as well in CMake macro	2022-12-23 20:53:22 +01:00
Martchus	10bb97bbc4	Apply clang-format	2022-10-13 19:59:20 +02:00
Martchus	b1bd782910	Fix typo in README	2022-10-13 19:58:40 +02:00
Martchus	2b0048f144	Change (de)serialization order of versioning and base classes This allows deserializing the first base class on its own, even then the derived class has been serialized. That makes sense if the full object (of the derived class) should be stored but sometimes only the "base fields" (of the base class) are needed.	2022-05-28 18:46:21 +02:00
Martchus	5c7a6cba8c	Add default operator== to serializable classes Otherwise derived classes cannot use add a default themselves. Maybe this makes sense for more comparision operators. Note that I'm still testing the usefulness. It already breaks when using multiple inheritane so maybe there is a better way. The operator is guarded by a version constraint because it is a C++20 feature.	2022-05-15 21:03:20 +02:00
Martchus	60d761f7ed	Pass version down to base classes in binary deserializer So the behavior is consistent with readng members and with serialization. It should be fine because if the base class is versioned it won't make a difference but if it is versioned the version from the derived class can be utilized.	2022-05-15 21:00:02 +02:00
Martchus	9c3bf01c8f	Avoid warnings about unused var `allocator` for empty classes	2022-05-15 20:52:30 +02:00
Martchus	1e3417f8d0	Fix (de)serialization of std::int8_t/std::uint8_t Those types are not supported by RapidJSON and therefore need extra handling.	2022-05-15 03:11:39 +02:00
Martchus	a6b9d771aa	Do not treat warning "'this' pointer is null" appearing with GCC 12 as error It is about code included from libclang and likely wrong so let's just not abort the compilation due to it.	2022-05-12 20:23:33 +02:00
Martchus	762540f5e5	Add support for `std::optional`	2022-05-07 18:40:37 +02:00
Martchus	0633923935	Simplify use of type traits in `json/reflector.h`	2022-05-07 16:52:32 +02:00
Martchus	11491b1387	Add stalebot config	2022-04-12 01:05:03 +02:00
Martchus	df787f3105	Add copyright notice	2022-04-05 20:23:32 +02:00
Martchus	2cc044c705	Adapt tests to `efaa8a8`	2022-03-28 17:06:28 +02:00
Martchus	4966625d8b	Clarify that license is "GPL-2-or-later"	2022-03-15 21:46:56 +01:00
Martchus	efaa8a8441	Avoid warnings about using uninitialized variable	2022-02-22 20:03:49 +01:00
Martchus	22611457f9	Fix plural of pointer in README.md	2022-02-05 22:28:20 +01:00
Martchus	59ff3c19eb	Allow reporting a type mismatch specifying the expected RapidJSON type directly	2022-01-03 23:24:40 +01:00
Martchus	f8f551a78a	Fix include and namespace-prefix for using `std::move` in JSON reflector	2021-12-05 23:34:39 +01:00
Martchus	8b66ca3e6b	Avoid using `DeclBase::getLangOpts()` to support older Clang versions The `DeclBase::getLangOpts()` is merely a convenience but only available in Clang 11 or newer.	2021-09-19 01:17:30 +02:00
Martchus	44c6b8c609	Throw exception during binary deserialization when version is not supported	2021-07-25 19:19:02 +02:00
Martchus	13428667f8	Remove surplus space	2021-07-25 19:13:29 +02:00
Martchus	852dfb7e3c	Add symlink for versioning	2021-07-25 17:31:07 +02:00
Martchus	0a902ac30c	Add experimental versioning for binary (de)serializer	2021-07-13 00:37:05 +02:00
Martchus	5e72012ed5	Fix typos found via `codespell --skip .git -w`	2021-07-03 19:50:25 +02:00
Martchus	a4dd52acfa	Define REFLECTIVE_RAPIDJSON_GENERATOR macro during generator runs So one can distinguish regular compilation from the generator run by checking this macro.	2021-05-16 19:25:36 +02:00
Martchus	e3d32ddfa1	Use std::string_view for CodeFactory parameters (where possible)	2021-05-16 19:25:30 +02:00
Martchus	8f1909dfdf	Exit when parsing arguments fails	2021-05-13 16:56:27 +02:00
Martchus	874c964e0b	Prevent warnings about unused variables in generated code	2021-03-22 14:16:40 +01:00
Martchus	30735ba187	Fix warnings	2021-03-20 21:25:56 +01:00
Martchus	5110cff5eb	Fix documentation for std::string_view's push/toJsonDocument function	2021-01-15 17:48:46 +01:00
Martchus	dc7c74c497	Update minimum C++ version mentioned in README This likely doesn't work anymore with C++14 and I won't put any effort into C++14 compatibility anymore at this point.	2021-01-15 15:27:28 +01:00
Martchus	80183f5269	Remove list of supported versions as it is too much work to maintain	2021-01-15 15:24:50 +01:00
Martchus	5c49a438ad	Use header-only target of c++utilities The current approach even distinguished between the build and install interface. However, CPP_UTILITIES_INCLUDE_DIRS is not correctly evaluated at the time PUBLIC_INCLUDE_DIRS is populated here because the variable PACKAGE_PREFIX_DIR from the c++utilities config module still points to the build directory at build time and using $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:…> can not help with that.	2021-01-01 18:48:14 +01:00
Martchus	6252a7335a	Apply cmake-format and clang-format	2020-12-05 21:29:55 +01:00
Martchus	2b6634d574	Allow supplying RapidJSON from outer scope	2020-12-05 21:29:38 +01:00
Martchus	0010e32515	Improve download section of README	2020-12-05 21:28:22 +01:00